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Physical Review Letters

Coherent destruction of tunneling

Frank Großmann, Thomas Dittrich, Peter Jung, Peter Hänggi A

Published Jul 22, 1991• 1,074 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The phenomenon of tunneling is investigated for a symmetric double-well potential perturbed by a monochromatic driving force. The analysis is based on a numerical treatment of the quantum map that propagates the system over one period of the external force, and of the spectrum of its eigenphases (quasienergies). The variety in the quasienergy spectrum, such as exact and avoided crossings, leads to novel forms of coherent tunneling. In particular, for specific parameter values of the driving force, we find almost complete localization of the wave packet in one of the wells.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.67.516

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The phenomenon of tunneling is investigated for a symmetric double-well potential perturbed by a monochromatic driving force. The analysis is based on a numerical treatment of the quantum map that propagates the system over one period of the external force, and of the spectrum of its eigenphases (quasienergies). The variety in the quasienergy spectrum, such as exact and avoided crossings, leads to novel forms of coherent tunneling. In particular, for specific parameter values of the driving force, we find almost complete localization of the wave packet in one of the wells.
Abstract It is analytically and numerically shown that the coherent tunnelling between the individual wells of a symmetrical double well potential can be totally suppressed when it is driven by a periodic series of δ function in time, depending on the time period and strength of the δ function. We have applied time dependent perturbation theory to have an understanding over the process. In absence of any kind of perturbation, the average position of the particle makes a sinusoidal oscillation between two wells. With the application of a periodic δ function, the amplitude and the frequency of the oscillation both get modified. In this article we have explored how the frequency and strength of the applied perturbation controls the quantum dynamics of tunnelling and finally, how these parameters drive the system towards a complete stand still situation, which is described as coherent destruction of tunnelling.
The effect of a periodic driving force on coherent tunneling of a driven double square-well system, especially when its central potential barrier is very tall and very thin, is investigated. The suppression or enhancement of the tunneling of a wave packet properly chosen in the double-well system may be achieved by a judicious choice of the period of a driving force, i.e., by a particular choice of the generating condition of a nonlinear resonance exhibiting a desirable property. We analyze this mechanism by exploiting both the properties of a dynamical symmetry of the Hamiltonian and the localized properties of Floquet states induced by the nonlinear resonance. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
The tunneling dynamics of dilute boson gases with three-body interactions in a periodically driven double wells are investigated both theoretically and numerically.In our findings,when the system is with only repulsive twobody interactions or only three-body interactions,the tunneling will be suppressed;while in the case of the coupling between two- and three-body interactions,the tunneling can be either suppressed or enhanced.Particularly,when attractive three-body interactions are twice large as repulsive two-body interactions,CDT occurs at isolated points of driving force,which is similar to the linear case.Considering different interaction,the system can experience different transformation from coherent tunneling to coherent destruction of tunneling(CDT).The quasi-energy of the system as the function of the periodically driving force shows a triangular structure,which provides a deep insight into the tunneling dynamics of the system.
Abstract The tunneling dynamics of dilute boson gases with three-body interactions in a periodically driven double wells are investigated both theoretically and numerically. In our findings, when the system is with only repulsive two-body interactions or only three-body interactions, the tunneling will be suppressed; while in the case of the coupling between two- and three-body interactions, the tunneling can be either suppressed or enhanced. Particularly, when attractive three-body interactions are twice large as repulsive two-body interactions, CDT occurs at isolated points of driving force, which is similar to the linear case. Considering different interaction, the system can experience different transformation from coherent tunneling to coherent destruction of tunneling (CDT). The quasi-energy of the system as the function of the periodically driving force shows a triangular structure, which provides a deep insight into the tunneling dynamics of the system.
The quantum dynamics of a particle in a double-well potential under a monochromatic external driving force is computed by using a minimum-uncertainty Gaussian wave packet as an initial state. Irregular or regular time development of dynamical variables is obtained, depending on whether the initial wave packet is located in the classical chaotic sea or the regular region in phase space, respectively. Tunnelings between nonresonant islands and between resonant islands are obtained. Tunneling times between nonresonant islands decrease smoothly, in general, with the increase of the amplitude of the driving force, but tunneling times between resonant islands are more erratic.
The aim to control the internal and external degrees of freedom of quantum systems is of great interest for many fields of physics and chemistry. One opportunity to realize such a coherent control is provided by strong, time depended, external fields. In this work the experimental realization of a model-system is presented. The coherent control of the tunneling dynamics of single atoms by means of a time-periodic, external field is demonstrated. Depending on the parameters of the driving force the tunneling rate can be varied up to a total suppression of the tunneling process in the extreme. This type of dynamical localization is known as "coherent destruction of tunneling". The experimental setup allows a direct access to the tunneling dynamics of single atoms in a double well structure and enables great freedom concerning the parameters. Not only the double well potential, the driving frequency and the driving amplitude can be varied, but also the temporal and spatial symmetry of the driving. A coherent beam of slow, metastable argon atoms serves as source of particles, which can be detected spatially resolved enabling the direct observation of the tunneling dynamics in momentum space.