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Journal of Physics B Atomic and Molecular Physics

Feasibility of using a high-Rydberg atom in a collision experiment as a probe to scattering of an extremely slow electron by a rare-gas atom

Kunitaka Sasano, Michio Matsuzawa

Published Feb 14, 1981• 11 citations
Publisher

Abstract

It is demonstrated theoretically that one can use a high-Rydberg atom in a collision experiment as an experimental probe of the scattering of an extremely slow electron by a rare-gas atom by analysing a refined experiment on the collision between a high-Rydberg atom and a rare-gas atom.
DOI
10.1088/0022-3700/14/3/011

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The title processes are theoretically investigated based on the model in which an excited Rydberg electron behaves as if it were 'free' and slow, with its interaction with the rare-gas atom playing a decisive role. The cross sections of l-changing collisions of the Rydberg atoms with the rare-gas atoms are evaluated for small angular momentum changes. They are compared with experimental data available at present, under the assumption that there is no selection rule for the distribution over the final angular momentum states of the Rydberg atom, and are found to be consistent with experimental findings. The relation between this approach and some others is examined. The possibility of learning about low-energy electron-rare-gas collisions from refined experimental data on the title processes is briefly discussed.
A coupled-channel approach based on the Arthurs and Dalgarno formalism is presented to describe the scattering of a Rydberg atom and a rare-gas atom. The method permits the calculation of cross sections for changes in the electronic orbital angular momentum of the Rydberg atom. The theory explicitly relates the scattering behavior of the Rydberg state to the electron-rare-gas scattering length. Preliminary results for Na∗(nd){\mathrm{Na}}^{*}(\mathrm{nd})Na∗(nd)+He and Na∗(nf){\mathrm{Na}}^{*}(\mathrm{nf})Na∗(nf)+He are in good agreement with experiment.
A theoretical model for the collision of atoms in high Rydberg states (nl) with neutral atoms or molecules is proposed, based on the assumption that the electron-perturber interaction is of very short range compared with the mean radius of the Rydberg atom. A semiclassical method is used to derive a compact expression for the collision probability. The calculations need total cross sections for the scattering of a free and low-energy electron by the perturber. The model is applied to the calculation of a free and low-energy electron by the perturber. The model is applied to the calculation of cross sections for the quenching of n 2 D or n 2 F Rydberg states of Na and Rb by rare-gas atoms of N 2 . On the whole the calculated cross sections are in reasonable agreement with experimental data for n>10 approximately. The model and the results of the calculations are discussed and compared with other theoretical works.
We have extensively investigated quasielastic state-changing collisions (QESCC) of high-Rydberg atoms with rare-gas atoms including Kr and Xe based on the free-electron model. Theoretical results are compared with recent experimental findings for 25\ensuremath{\lesssim}n\ensuremath{\lesssim}48. It has been found that they explain almost all existing experimental data on the QESCC for high n available at present consistently and in a unified way. More detailed analyses concerning the higher-order term of the free-electron model show that there is still some discrepancy among the existing experimental data on the QESCC.
We have theoretically studied the conditions of the behavior of a high Rydberg electron as a spectator to an ion-molecule reaction in high Rydberg neutral collisions. Adoption of a circular high Rydberg atom in the initial channel of the high Rydberg neutral collisions ensures the behavior of the high Rydberg electron as the spectator to interaction between an ion core of the high Rydberg atom and an incoming neutral species; i.e., the ion-molecule reaction. This theoretical consideration leads to equivalence between the high Rydberg neutral collision and the ion-molecule reaction with high accuracy. This equivalence gives us a possibility of probing the ion-molecule reaction at low energies without space-charge effects encountered in ion-beam experiments.
State changing of high-Rydberg atoms by collisions with rare-gas atoms have been theoretically investigated using the free-electron model. The non-selective character of transitions arising from the short range of the interaction between the high-Rydberg atoms and the rare-gas atoms is found to be strongly modified in the following two cases. First, for the high-Rydberg atoms in the circular states with | m |= l ≃ n , it has been found that transitions take place overwhelmingly between the circular states. This propensity rule originates from a highly anisotropic electron-density distribution of the initial circular states. Second, for the high-Rydberg states with large quantum defects (modulo 1), suppression of the yield of the lower angular momentum states have been observed. This cancels out the fair enhancement of the production of the high-Rydberg states with small | m | seen for the hydrogenic case with small quantum defects. It leads to the m distribution of the final states apparently proportional to their statistical weight.