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Frontiers in Optics

Quantum Optics and Quantum Information Teaching Laboratory at the Institute of Optics, University of Rochester

Svetlana G. Lukishova, Carlos R. Stroud, Anand K. Jha, Laura E. Elgin, Samuel E. Schrauth

Published Jan 1, 2005• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A new teaching laboratory course will introduce students to the basic concepts and tools of Quantum Optics and Quantum Information. It will consist of four experiments: (1) single photon source, (2) entanglement and Bell’s inequalities, (3) introduction to quantum computation: superposition and quantum interference, (4) quantum cryptography.

DOI
10.1364/fio.2005.fthl2

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A new teaching laboratory course will introduce students to the basic concepts and tools of Quantum Optics and Quantum Information. It will consist of four experiments: (1) single photon source, (2) entanglement and Bell’s inequalities, (3) introduction to quantum computation: superposition and quantum interference, (4) quantum cryptography.
The quantum optics/quantum information and nano-optics educational laboratory facility (QNOL) at the University of Rochester (UR) is located within three rooms of the Institute of Optics with a total area of 587 ft2. It has been used for teaching a 4-credit-hour QNOL class annually for 15 years. Four teaching labs were prepared on the generation and characterization of entangled and single (antibunched) photons demonstrating the laws of quantum mechanics: (1) entanglement and Bell’s inequalities, (2) single-photon interference (Young’s double slit experiment and Mach–Zehnder interferometer), (3) single-photon source I: confocal fluorescence microscopy of single nanoemitters, and (4) single-photon source II: a Hanbury Brown and Twiss setup, fluorescence antibunching. Further, based on QNOL, 1.5 to 3 h sturdy quantum “mini-labs” were developed and introduced into the required classes such that all optics students at the UR had experience with quantum labs. Monroe Community College (MCC) students participated in two mini-labs at the UR. Since 2006 to spring 2022, a total of ~850 students have utilized the labs for lab report submission (including 144 MCC students) and more than 250 students have used them for lab demonstrations. In addition, UR freshman research projects have become a very important educational activity in this facility. All developed materials and students’ reports are available at http://www.optics.rochester.edu/workgroups/lukishova/QuantumOpticsLab/. We present a description of sturdy, universally accessible experiments that can be introduced into either a separate advanced class or into classes with a large number of students. Assessment methods, evaluation of students’ knowledge, and their attitude toward their career in quantum information are discussed.
With the coming of quantum information and associated technologies, there is increasing need to prepare students on the fundamentals of quantum physics. Fundamental physical principles can be hidden by the mathematical formalism of quantum mechanics. Thus it is necessary to expose students to experiments that illustrate fundamentals. Quantum optics experiments based on the generation of twin photons via spontaneous parametric down-conversion have many advantages, such as being simple, reliable, and of reasonable cost. These types of experiments are ideal for the advanced laboratory in the physics curriculum. At Colgate University we offer them as a laboratory package that is associated with our upper-level undergraduate course on quantum mechanics. In this article we present our latest approaches. Among them is a new layout for the experiments to provide a more intuitive physical picture.
We have developed a series of undergraduate teaching laboratories that explore some of the fundamentals of quantum mechanics. All of the experiments involve performing measurements on individual photons or entangled-photon pairs. The experiments include: "Proving" that light consists of photons, single-photon interference, and tests of local realism. We will describe the experiments, placing an emphasis on an experiment which measures the quantum-mechanical polarization state of a photon. This experiment explicitly demonstrates that measurements performed on one member of an entangled-photon pair effect the results of measurements of the other photon. We will also describe how we have integrated the experiments with our upper-level undergraduate quantum mechanics course.