The longitudinal relaxation time T $\\sb1$ is calculated for a dilute Fermi gas. We include the possibility of arbitrary degrees of polarization P, and uniform external magnetic fields. At low temperatures T $\\sb1$ is proportional to T $\\sp{-2}$ for the unpolarized gas in agreement with earlier calculations. For a polarized system in zero applied field the separation between up and down Fermi spheres provides an open channel in phase space for spin flipping processes. As temperature is reduced to zero T $\\sb1$ levels off and approaches a constant value which depends sensitively on P, leading to much smaller values of T $\\sb1$ than in the unpolarized case. For relaxation in a uniform external field H, Zeeman energy conservation during spin flipping interactions essentially shifts the location of the T $\\sp{-2}$ behavior from zero polarization to the polarization P(H) which would be produced in equilibrium with the external field H. When the initial polarization of the system is different from P(H), T $\\sb1$ again approaches a constant value which is equally sensitive to the initial polarization as temperature is reduced to zero. We apply our calculations to the case of dilute $\\sp3$ He-HeII solutions. We also consider the calculation of density dependent corrections to T $\\sb1$ for unpolarized, or weakly polarized $\\sp3$ He-HeII using the long wavelength limit of the Bardeen-Baym-Pines interaction as a form for the spin independent part of the $\\sp3$ He- $\\sp3$ He interaction. Owing to the positive sign of the antisymmetric Landau parameter $\\rm F\\sbsp{o}{a}$ in dilute $\\sp3$ He-HeII Fermi Liquid interactions act to screen the magnetic dipole interactions which cause relaxation. To lowest order in density we find that the relaxation rate 1/T $\\sb1$ is reduced by factor $\\rm (1 - 3F\\sbsp{o}{a})$ which compares favorably with recent calculations of T $\\sb1$ for pure $\\sp3$ He.The longitudinal relaxation time T$\\sb1$ is calculated for a dilute Fermi gas. We include the possibility of arbitrary degrees of polarization P, and uniform external magnetic fields. At low temperatures T$\\sb1$ is proportional to T$\\sp{-2}$ for the unpolarized gas in agreement with earlier calculations. For a polarized system in zero applied field the separation between up and down Fermi spheres provides an open channel in phase space for spin flipping processes. As temperature is reduced to zero T$\\sb1$ levels off and approaches a constant value which depends sensitively on P, leading to much smaller values of T$\\sb1$ than in the unpolarized case. For relaxation in a uniform external field H, Zeeman energy conservation during spin flipping interactions essentially shifts the location of the T$\\sp{-2}$ behavior from zero polarization to the polarization P(H) which would be produced in equilibrium with the external field H. When the initial polarization of the system is different from P(H), T$\\sb1$ again approaches a constant value which is equally sensitive to the initial polarization as temperature is reduced to zero. We apply our calculations to the case of dilute $\\sp3$He-HeII solutions. We also consider the calculation of density dependent corrections to T$\\sb1$ for unpolarized, or weakly polarized $\\sp3$He-HeII using the long wavelength limit of the Bardeen-Baym-Pines interaction as a form for the spin independent part of the $\\sp3$He-$\\sp3$He interaction. Owing to the positive sign of the antisymmetric Landau parameter $\\rm F\\sbsp{o}{a}$ in dilute $\\sp3$He-HeII Fermi Liquid interactions act to screen the magnetic dipole interactions which cause relaxation. To lowest order in density we find that the relaxation rate 1/T$\\sb1$ is reduced by factor $\\rm (1 - 3F\\sbsp{o}{a})$ which compares favorably with recent calculations of T$\\sb1$ for pure $\\sp3$He.

Jan 1, 19930 citations

Observation of field-induced spin-current relaxation in a Fermi liquid

L-J. Wei, Neal Kalechofsky, Donald Candela

We have studied NMR spin echoes in $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ liquid in a magnetic field ${\mathit{B}}_{0}$ =8 T for temperatures T\ensuremath{\ge}4.5 mK. The data are analyzed in terms of the Leggett-Rice effect to obtain the transverse spin-diffusion coefficient ${\mathit{D}}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\perp}}}$(T). For T20 mK we find that ${\mathit{D}}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\perp}}}$ is less than measured in earlier experiments at lower ${\mathit{B}}_{0}$ . This phenomenon has been predicted for degenerate Fermi systems, due to the phase space created for quasiparticle scattering by spin polarization. The effect we have measured is more pronounced than suggested by scaling a dilute-gas theory result by a Fermi-liquid factor.We have studied NMR spin echoes in $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ liquid in a magnetic field ${\mathit{B}}_{0}$=8 T for temperatures T\ensuremath{\ge}4.5 mK. The data are analyzed in terms of the Leggett-Rice effect to obtain the transverse spin-diffusion coefficient ${\mathit{D}}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\perp}}}$(T). For T20 mK we find that ${\mathit{D}}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\perp}}}$ is less than measured in earlier experiments at lower ${\mathit{B}}_{0}$. This phenomenon has been predicted for degenerate Fermi systems, due to the phase space created for quasiparticle scattering by spin polarization. The effect we have measured is more pronounced than suggested by scaling a dilute-gas theory result by a Fermi-liquid factor.

Physical Review LettersAug 9, 199391 citations

Zero-temperature relaxation in spin-polarized fermi liquids

A. E. Meyerovich, Armen Stepaniants

Journal of Low Temperature PhysicsMar 1, 19973 citations

The longitudinal relaxation time T

\\sb1

is calculated for a dilute Fermi gas. We include the possibility of arbitrary degrees of polarization P, and uniform external magnetic fields. At low temperatures T

\\sb1

is proportional to T

\\sp{-2}

for the unpolarized gas in agreement with earlier calculations. For a polarized system in zero applied field the separation between up and down Fermi spheres provides an open channel in phase space for spin flipping processes. As temperature is reduced to zero T

\\sb1

levels off and approaches a constant value which depends sensitively on P, leading to much smaller values of T

\\sb1

than in the unpolarized case. For relaxation in a uniform external field H, Zeeman energy conservation during spin flipping interactions essentially shifts the location of the T

\\sp{-2}

behavior from zero polarization to the polarization P(H) which would be produced in equilibrium with the external field H. When the initial polarization of the system is different from P(H), T

\\sb1

again approaches a constant value which is equally sensitive to the initial polarization as temperature is reduced to zero. We apply our calculations to the case of dilute

\\sp3

He-HeII solutions. We also consider the calculation of density dependent corrections to T

\\sb1

for unpolarized, or weakly polarized

\\sp3

He-HeII using the long wavelength limit of the Bardeen-Baym-Pines interaction as a form for the spin independent part of the

\\sp3

He-

\\sp3

He interaction. Owing to the positive sign of the antisymmetric Landau parameter

\\rm F\\sbsp{o}{a}

in dilute

\\sp3

He-HeII Fermi Liquid interactions act to screen the magnetic dipole interactions which cause relaxation. To lowest order in density we find that the relaxation rate 1/T

\\sb1

is reduced by factor

\\rm (1 - 3F\\sbsp{o}{a})

which compares favorably with recent calculations of T

\\sb1

for pure

\\sp3

He.

We have studied NMR spin echoes in

^{3}\mathrm{He}

liquid in a magnetic field

{\mathit{B}}_{0}

=8 T for temperatures T\ensuremath{\ge}4.5 mK. The data are analyzed in terms of the Leggett-Rice effect to obtain the transverse spin-diffusion coefficient ${\mathit{D}}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\perp}}}$(T). For T20 mK we find that ${\mathit{D}}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\perp}}}$ is less than measured in earlier experiments at lower

{\mathit{B}}_{0}

. This phenomenon has been predicted for degenerate Fermi systems, due to the phase space created for quasiparticle scattering by spin polarization. The effect we have measured is more pronounced than suggested by scaling a dilute-gas theory result by a Fermi-liquid factor.