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Laser Physics

Vibrational noise removal method for the multi-photon interferometer of an optical loop system

Bongjune Kim, Hoonsoo Kang

Published Feb 26, 2015• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Multi-photon interference effects of the optical loop in a double- Λ / V system aid coherent photon control, especially all-optical switching between single photons. In the multi-photon interference, phase fluctuations induced by the mechanical vibration of the optical components should be removed to observe the high fidelity of photon controls. We solved this problem by overlapping coupling and probe beams that have opposite phase shifts in the optical loop system to cancel out phase fluctuation induced by mechanical vibration. We used two independent laser sources to generate two pairs of coupling-probe fields that are resonant on a double- Λ system. The removal of vibrational phase fluctuation was confirmed by comparison with a normal phase-dependent light-switching experiment.

DOI
10.1088/1054-660x/25/4/046001

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Multi-photon interference effects of the optical loop in a double- Λ / V system aid coherent photon control, especially all-optical switching between single photons. In the multi-photon interference, phase fluctuations induced by the mechanical vibration of the optical components should be removed to observe the high fidelity of photon controls. We solved this problem by overlapping coupling and probe beams that have opposite phase shifts in the optical loop system to cancel out phase fluctuation induced by mechanical vibration. We used two independent laser sources to generate two pairs of coupling-probe fields that are resonant on a double- Λ system. The removal of vibrational phase fluctuation was confirmed by comparison with a normal phase-dependent light-switching experiment.
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In a previous publication [Phys. Rev. A 55, 552 (1997)] we considered the effect of laser phase fluctuations on three-photon--one-photon phase control of resonance-enhanced photoionization. Here we extend those studies by considering the role of laser intensity noise in addition to laser phase noise. While our results indicate that relative intensity fluctuations between the fundamental field and its third harmonic have a significant effect on control, the contrast between constructive and destructive interference is nonetheless two orders of magnitude, even under (reasonable) worst case situations. Consequently, neither laser intensity nor phase fluctuations appear to pose a serious impediment to the efficient phase control of atomic and molecular processes.
We have demonstrated anticorrelated light switching between multiphoton transition channels in a nonresonant double-Λ system. Two-color probe transitions, using rubidium D1 (795 nm) and D2 (780 nm), were included in our double-Λ system. In anticorrelated light switching, one of two probe transitions is selected as transparent while the other is selected as opaque. In this configuration, we observed completely different behavior from that seen in a resonant double-Λ system, in which both probe transmissions are transparent or opaque simultaneously. Furthermore, we observed a noise correlation between two-color probe transmissions when the phase fluctuation of the two probe lasers was converted to the intensity fluctuation. The relative phase fluctuation between the two probe lasers induced an anticorrelation between the intensity noises of two probe lasers in a nonresonant double-Λ system, while a correlation was induced in a resonant double-Λ system. The intensity fluctuation (correlated or anticorrelated) was easily controlled by detuning the double-Λ system. The noise anticorrelation effect is clearly interpreted as arising from the anticorrelated light switching in a nonresonant double-Λ system. This system can be used for noise control as well as optical switching between incoherent two-color laser lights.
The coherent control of optical images has garnered attention because the range of information embedded in optical images is expected to be controlled in high efficiency. Recently, the storage of optical images using coherent control techniques opened a method for multiple information storage. Image control in coherent medium might move up new era of quantum information technology since the generation of entangled image pairs was realized with parametric process in coherent medium. One of the most important optical controls is switch for information distribution. Here, phase-controlled optical image switching with low light intensity was demonstrated in a double-Λ system. Switching by interference in a double-Λ system was observed as having a 90 % switching depth between incoherent image pixels. Two independent laser sources were adopted for a double-Λ system such that images inscribed in two weak probe lights were incoherent with each other.
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Light scattered by a regular structure of atoms exhibits spatial interference signatures, similar to Young's classical double-slit experiment. The first-order interferences, however, are known to vanish for strong light intensities, where the incoherently fluctuating part of the emitted light dominates. Here, we show how to overcome these limitations to quantum interference in stronger laser fields, and how to recover the first-order interference in strong fields by a tailored electromagnetic vacuum with a suitable frequency dependence. We also discuss higher-order correlation functions of the scattered light, with applications, e.g., to lithography. In the second part, we study light propagation of a probe field pulse in closed-loop atomic systems. The closed interaction loop induces a sensitivity to the relative driving field phase, but in general prohibits a stationary steady state. In particular, the finite frequency width of the short probe pulse requires a time-dependent analysis beyond the so-called multiphoton resonance assumption. Using a Floquet decomposition, we identify the different contributions to the medium response, and demonstrate sub- and superluminal light propagation with small absorption or even gain, where a coupling field Rabi frequency allows to switch between sub- and superluminal light propagation.