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Optics Express

Investigation of quantum coherence excitation and coherence transfer in an inhomogeneously broadened rare-earth doped solid

Byoung Seung HAM

Published Apr 2, 2008• 10 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Quantum coherence excitation onto spin ensembles by resonant Raman optical fields and coherence transfer back to an optical emission are discussed in a three-level optical system composed of inhomogeneously broadened spins, where the spin decay time is much slower than the optical decay time. Dynamic quantum coherent control of the spin excitations and coherence conversion are also discussed at a strong coupling field limit for practical applications of optical information processing.

DOI
10.1364/oe.16.005350

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Quantum coherence excitation onto spin ensembles by resonant Raman optical fields and coherence transfer back to an optical emission are discussed in a three-level optical system composed of inhomogeneously broadened spins, where the spin decay time is much slower than the optical decay time. Dynamic quantum coherent control of the spin excitations and coherence conversion are also discussed at a strong coupling field limit for practical applications of optical information processing.
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Summary form only given. When a resonant Raman laser field interacts with a three-level energy system, the system can undergo changes of linear and nonlinear optical properties. Especially in an optically thick medium, a strong resonant electromagnetic field can dress the energy states so that another resonant probe field may not be absorbed. This is due to destructive quantum interference between two absorption paths from the ground state to the dressed states. This phenomenon is called electromagnetically induced transparency. Our recently demonstrated Raman excited spin echo technique uses optically induced spin coherence. In general, the spin coherence decay time is much longer and more temperature insensitive than the optical coherence, so that the temperature limitation of the photon echoes can be overcome. The spin echoes are read by another optical field via enhanced four-wave mixing. Here, the nonlinearity in the optical transition is enhanced by EIT. In this paper we report the EIT observation at temperatures higher than that needed for the (optical) spectral hole-burning.
Using on-demand coherence conversion via optical locking, a dynamic coherent control of the collective atom phase has been demonstrated for longer photon storage beyond the critical constraint of spin phase decay time, where the storage time can be extended up to hours in a rare-earth-doped solid. Coherent transient phenomena such as photon echoes have been investigated for frozen phase decay via coherent population transfer using a simple deshelving optical pulse pair. Unlike the rephasing halt applied to two-pulse photon echoes, where optical decoherence is accelerated by spin inhomogeneous broadening, a completely atom phase-locked coherence conversion has been observed in three-pulse photon echoes, resulting in spin dephasing-free coherence control. Here, the mechanism of the atom phase-locked coherence conversion via optical locking has been investigated in a solid medium whose optical transition is imperfect, where partial coherence is lost via optical depth-dependent imperfect population transfer. The relationship between coherence loss and optical depth is analyzed, where nearly perfect photon echo efficiency can be obtained for ultralong photon storage in an optically thick medium.
Robust, long-lived optical quantum memories are important components of many quantum information and communication protocols. We demonstrate coherent generation, storage, and retrieval of excitations on a long-lived spin transition via spontaneous Raman scattering in a rare-earth ion-doped crystal. We further study the time dynamics of the optical correlations in this system. This is the first demonstration of its kind in a solid and an enabling step toward realizing a solid-state quantum repeater.