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IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT)

Necessary and sufficient conditions for minimax strategy in quantum signal detection

Kentaro Kato

Published Jul 1, 2012• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The necessary and sufficient conditions for the minimax strategy of a finite number of decisions in quantum signal detection are derived in the case that the average Bayes cost is used as a quality function. This is a simple extension of the result of Hirota and Ikehara [1]. Applying the necessary and sufficient conditions, a closed-form expression of the minimax strategy for binary pure state signal is shown. Furthermore, the minimax strategy for a discrimination problem of the quasi-Bell states is considered. In this case, the square-root measurement consisting of the quasi-Bell states yields the minimax strategy.

DOI
10.1109/isit.2012.6283018

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The necessary and sufficient conditions for the minimax strategy of a finite number of decisions in quantum signal detection are derived in the case that the average Bayes cost is used as a quality function. This is a simple extension of the result of Hirota and Ikehara [1]. Applying the necessary and sufficient conditions, a closed-form expression of the minimax strategy for binary pure state signal is shown. Furthermore, the minimax strategy for a discrimination problem of the quasi-Bell states is considered. In this case, the square-root measurement consisting of the quasi-Bell states yields the minimax strategy.
We consider the application of the minimax strategy to discrimination between quantum states with a certain fraction of inconclusive results. An inconclusive minimax solution is defined as the pair of a collection of prior probabilities and a quantum measurement that achieves the minimax probability of a detection error subject to the constraint that the highest probability of an inconclusive result does not exceed a given value. We first show a necessary and sufficient condition for an inconclusive minimax solution, and derive that the problem of obtaining an inconclusive minimax measurement can be expressed as a semidefinite programming problem. We then present a condition under which there exists a solution such that at least one of the prior probabilities is a zero. We finally show that for any state set with a certain symmetry, an inconclusive minimax solution exists having the same symmetry.
We address a broad class of optimization problems of finding quantum measurements, which includes the problems of finding an optimal measurement in the Bayes criterion and a measurement maximizing the average correct probability with a fixed rate of inconclusive results. Our approach can deal with any problem in which each of the objective and constraint functions is formulated by the sum of the traces of the multiplication of a Hermitian operator and a detection operator. We first derive dual problems and necessary and sufficient conditions for an optimal measurement. We also consider the minimax version of these problems and provide necessary and sufficient conditions for a minimax solution. Finally, for optimization problem having a certain symmetry, there exists an optimal solution with the same symmetry. Examples are shown to illustrate how our results can be used.
This paper is concerned with the minimax strategy in quantum signal detection theory. First we show a numerical calculation method for finding a solution to the quantum minimax decision problem in the case that the average probability of decision errors is used as the quality function of a quantum communication system. To verify the numerical calculation method, ternary coherent state signal is considered in the absence of thermal noise. After that, the error probability of the quantum minimax receiver for the ternary coherent state signal in the pressure of thermal noise is computed by using this numerical calculation method.
We derive the measurement strategy that optimizes the Bayes criterion, not necessarily the strategy minimizing the error probability, for distinguishing between collections of quantum states. We present a sufficient condition concerning the rank of each detection operator of an optimal measurement for the Bayes criterion. We also derive an analytical expression for an optimal measurement for the Bayes criterion for an Abelian geometrically uniform state set or for a cyclic state set under a certain constraint.