We theoretically investigate the properties of multiphoton excited states in strongly correlated two-dimensional electron systems. The effective Hamiltonian of the Hubbard model for the multiphoton excited states is derived assuming strong Coulomb repulsion. Diagonalizing the effective Hamiltonian exactly, the lowest energy state in two-photon excited manifold is calculated in the 20 site two-dimensional square lattice at half filling. Analysis of correlation functions suggests that the antiferromagnetic spin order characteristic of the half filled ground state is destroyed by two-photon excitation, and two different d-wave superconducting states and a spiral spin state are photogenerated.
We study the properties of photogenerated states of strongly correlated electron systems (SCES) with using the 'excited-state' t-J Hamiltonian. The lowest energy state in the two-photon excited manifold is calculated for the 20 site two-dimensional square lattice at half filling. The analysis of the off-diagonal order suggests that the d-wave superconducting state is photogenerated. We propose an optical method using the virtual transition to avoid the temperature growth arising from the optical excitation. We also investigate the transient behavior of the photoexcited state in SCES, which distinctively reflects the spin-charge separation in SCES.
The effective Hamiltonian of the Hubbard model for multiphoton excited states is derived assuming a strong Coulomb repulsion. Diagonalizing the effective Hamiltonian exactly, the lowest energy one-photon excited state is calculated in the two-dimensional Hubbard model at half-filling, and its physical properties are investigated. For
t/U< 0.0165, where t is the magnitude of the transfer integral between the nearest-neighbor sites and U is an on-site Coulomb repulsion energy, ferromagnetic spin order is photogenerated from the antiferromagnetic ground state, and, for
t/U> 0.0166, antiferromagnetic spin order survives one-photon excitation. Photoinjected opposite charges are unbound because of strong electron correlation for
t/U< 0.08, and bound for
t/U> 0.08. The probability that the photoinjected opposite charges are on nearest-neighbor sites is strongly suppressed through all the correlation regions including this charge-bound region. We see a tendency toward spin-charge separation, but the coupling is not small in the one-photon excited state. The local spin structure around the bound positive and negative charges injected by photoexcitation is quite different from that induced by two-hole doping; this result suggests that multiphoton excitation will generate an electronic order which differs from that generated by doping.