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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Optical four-wave mixing and generation of squeezed light in an optomechanical cavity driven by a bichromatic field

Rafael Garcés, Germán J. de Valcárcel

Published May 1, 2014• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We show that an optomechanical cavity pumped by a bichromatic light beam can generate a signal whose frequency lies halfway between the two driving frequencies. This process can be understood as a degenerate four-wave mixing, in which two pump photons (one from each frequency) are combined to yield two identical signal photons. This process takes place between a lower and an upper threshold in terms of the pump intensity, which depend on the pump frequency difference. Close to the signal oscillation threshold a clear noise reduction in one of its quadratures is shown numerically.

DOI
10.1117/12.2052565

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We show that an optomechanical cavity pumped by a bichromatic light beam can generate a signal whose frequency lies halfway between the two driving frequencies. This process can be understood as a degenerate four-wave mixing, in which two pump photons (one from each frequency) are combined to yield two identical signal photons. This process takes place between a lower and an upper threshold in terms of the pump intensity, which depend on the pump frequency difference. Close to the signal oscillation threshold a clear noise reduction in one of its quadratures is shown numerically.
We propose an approach to generate strong quantum entanglement by the controllable four-wave-mixing mechanism in a single-cavity, weak-coupling optomechanical system. The optomechanical system is driven by a strong two-tone pump field and a weak signal field, simultaneously. The two-tone pump field consists of a lower and an upper sideband, which couple with the optical cavity and mechanical resonator, and generate the beam-splitter and two-mode squeezing interactions under the rotating-wave approximation. This interaction mechanism modifies the effective susceptibility of the optomechanical cavity and optomechanically induces a four-wave-mixing process. Strong quantum entanglement can be generated between the signal and four-wave-mixing fields in realistic optomechanical systems. The generation scheme of the quantum entanglement is quite robust against thermal-mechanical noise, and significant entanglement can persist at room temperature in the weak-coupling regime.
Summary form only given. In a recent paper [1] it has been shown how a bichromatic fast driving of optomechanical (optical domain) and superconducting circuit systems (microwave domain), operating in a limit where they present a non-linear Kerr-type interaction, can give rise to very strong vacuum squeezing. The driving with two close frequencies of a Kerr cavity changes the usual bistability bifurcation behaviour that takes place under monochromatic driving, into a degenerate four-wave mixing bifurcation, where a phase-bistable component starts oscillating spontaneously at a frequency that lies halfway between the two driving frequencies [2]. This resembles the physics of the optical parametric oscillator threshold, devices that has produced experimentally the strongest squeezing up to now. Associated to this bifurcation there is a strong reduction of the quantum fluctuations for a given quadrature of the electromagnetic field, resulting in vacuum squeezing, the reduction takes place at the central non-injected frequency.Here we show the application of this bichromatic driving protocol to a semiconductor micro-cavity system [3,4], where the nonlinear interaction between photons is caused through the excitons induced at the semiconductor embedded in the optical cavity.
We theoretically investigate the frequency-nondegenerate and frequency degenerate squeezed lights with a four-wave mixing process (4WM) driven by two pump fields crossing at a small angle. Different from a 4WM process driven by a single pump field, the refractive index of the corresponding probe field, n p, can be converted to a value that is greater than 1 or less than 1 by an angle adjustment. In the new region with n p < 1, the bandwidth of the gain is relatively large due to the slow change in the refractive index with the two-photon detuning. In this region with an exchange of the roles of the pump and probe beams, the frequency degenerate and spatial nondegenerate twin beams can be generated, which has potential application in quantum information and quantum metrology.
Nonlinear optical effects such as four-wave mixing and generation of squeezed light are ubiquitous in optical devices and light sources. For new devices operating at low optical power, the resonant nonlinearity arising from the two-photon sensitive bound biexciton in a semiconductor microcavity is an interesting prospective platform. Due to the particularly strong Coulomb interaction in atomically thin semiconductors, these materials have strongly bound biexcitons and operate in the visible frequency range of the electromagnetic spectrum. To remove the strong pump laser from the generated light in optical devices or to simultaneously excite nondegenerate polaritons, a bichromatic-pump configuration with two spectrally separated pump lasers is desirable. In this paper, we theoretically investigate spontaneous four-wave mixing and quadrature-squeezing in a bichromatically pumped atomically thin semiconductor microcavity. We explore two different configurations that support degenerate and nondegenerate scattering from polaritons into bound biexcitons, respectively. We find that these configurations lead to the generation of strongly single- and two-mode quadrature-squeezed light.
Nondegenerate four-wave-mixing (fwm) is a process by which one or two pump fields generate two signal beams, with conservation of the total photon energy and momentum. The signal beams can be distinguished by their frequency, or by their wave vector, or by their polarization. When the nonlinear medium which creates the fwm process is contained in a resonant cavity, the signal generation is caused by an instability, because the signal fields experience gain (fwm gain), and when this gain overcomes the cavity losses the signal beams build up. This chapter discusses several static and dynamical instabilities which arise from nondegenerate fwm. It considers a cavity with plane mirrors and examines the properties of quantum noise reduction which arise in the intensity difference between the signal beams generated by the fwm process. The chapter illustrates the problem of Gauss-Laguerre transverse modes in a ring cavity with spherical mirrors.