What is a hidden variable theory of quantum phenomena?

Koji Nagata, Tadao Nakamura

M. D. Srinivas

Jincheng Zhang

This paper introduces the Chemical Hidden Variable Theory (CHVT), a novel approach to theoretical chemistry predicated on the belief that existing chemical theories fundamentally lack crucial variables. Drawing an analogy with the historical search for hidden variables in quantum mechanics, CHVT posits the existence of underlying, unobserved chemical variables that dictate the behavior of chemical systems. The core objective of CHVT is to identify and model these "Hidden Chemical Variables" (HCVs) to potentially revolutionize our understanding of chemical phenomena. This paper outlines the fundamental concepts, proposed methodologies, and potential implications of CHVT, focusing on the identification and mathematical representation of HCVs. The theory relies on a revised understanding of probabilistic descriptions in chemistry, suggesting that observed probabilities are not inherent but rather results of the influence of these hidden variables. The central argument is that a more complete description of chemical systems requires acknowledging and incorporating these HCVs, leading to more accurate predictions and a deeper understanding of chemical reactions and properties. The exploration of HCVs promises a shift from purely probabilistic models to a more deterministic, yet fundamentally quantum-influenced, framework for chemical theory. ---

David Böhm

Shen Gao

There are two issues concerning hidden variables in quantum mechanics: 1.Whether the outcomes of quantum measurements are hidden variables has long been debated. Experiments violating Bell's inequalities have essentially refuted local hidden variable theories. 2.Quantum entanglement provides nonlocal effects that alter wave functions. However, these changes cannot transmit signals, making the exact time of such nonlocal effects a hidden variable. Theories about hidden variables are difficult to verify experimentally due to their unobservability. This paper connects these two hidden variable theories in quantum mechanics, proposing the spacetime relationship that nonlocal effects from entanglement must satisfy to prevent quantum measurement outcomes from being local hidden variables. It further outlines the spacetime relationship that any causal effects should adhere to. Based on this, the paper demonstrates the universal temporal order between relativistic spacelike events. On this foundation, it integrates the locally deterministic relativistic spacetime structure with the nonlocal phenomena of probabilistic quantum mechanics, thereby establishing the universal ordered spacetime structure.

Kurt H�bner