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Physical Review A

Effective excitation method of a three-level medium in a selective photoionization

A. S. Choe, Yongjoo Rhee, Jongmin Lee, Pil Soon Han, S. K. Borisov, Marina A. Kuzmina, В. А. Мишин

Published Jul 1, 1995• 14 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A principle for the efficient excitation of a three-level medium in a selective photoionization method is examined. It is shown that with special detunings for a given set of the laser-atom interaction the third-level population can be maximized. The expression of the optimal detunings is derived near the two-photon resonance region. It is shown that if the optimal detuning method is applied to three-level systems of Yb and Ca, the first-level populations are inverted to their corresponding third levels by about 100% and 86%, respectively. Application of this method to a Doppler-broadened medium is discussed and it is found that the optimal detuning method with counterpropagating waves will be very effective for selective ionization of wanted atoms.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.52.382

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Effects of laser linewidth on an effective method for excitation in three-level atomic systems by two optimally detuned counterpropagating pulsed lasers

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Effects of a laser pulse photoionizing an effectively excited three-level atom on the ion yield

A. S. Choe, Yanejoo Rhee, Jongmin Lee +2 more

The population inversion in a three-level atomic system, interacting with two coherent laser pulses, occurs from the first level to the third level at the optimal detunings of the laser frequencies near the two-photon resonance. An examination is performed to see whether the energy density and time-delay of the photoionizing laser can significantly influence the ion yield for the case where the atom interacts with two coherent pulses and one photoionizing pulse incoherently coupled. The well-known three-colour, three-step, three-photon ionization scheme, which is available for the selective photoionization of 168Yb, is chosen for use in this research with the Bloch equation. It is revealed that the proper time-delay and energy density enable us to achieve higher efficiency for the selective photoionization of 168Yb, regardless of the Doppler-broadening, though the efficiency and selectivity of coherent excitation are prominently enhanced by applying the optimal detunings.

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Application of an effective excitation method to a Doppler-broadened three-level atomic Yb medium

A. S. Choe, Yongjoo Rhee, Jongmin Lee +3 more

A Doppler-broadened 3-level atomic Yb medium is chosen for the study of efficient selective excitation in the framework of the Maxwell-Bloch equation. It is examined if laser pulse propagations can excited most 168Yb atoms to the third levels without significantly influencing other isotopes in the ground states.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•May 10, 1996•1 citation

Comment on “Effective excitation method of a three-level medium in a selective photoionization”

Gaurav Gupta, B. M. Suri

Analytical formulas of optimal detunings for efficient and selective excitation of a three-level atomic system derived by Choe et al. [Phys. Rev. A 52, 382 (1995)] predict the values of optimal detunings substantially different from the values mentioned in their paper.

Physical Review A•Jul 21, 2006•0 citations

Selective photoionization of168Yb in a three-level atomic medium by the collinear propagation of laser pulses

A. S. Choe, Yongjoo Rhee, Jongmin Lee +2 more

The medium of the three-level Yb atom corresponding to the three-colour, three-step, three-photon scheme of 6 1 S 0 (0 cm -1 ) to 6 3 P 1 (17992008 cm -1 ) to (7/2, 3/2) 2 4f 13 6s 2 6p (35196.98 cm -1 ) to autoionization state (52353 cm -1 ) is chosen to examine the selective photoionization of 168 Yb. The Maxwell-Bloch equation is numerically solved, where the interacting laser pulses are supposed to be collinear and resonant with the transition lines of 168 Yb, and the effects of Doppler broadening and laser bandwidth are incorporated. Firstly, the thin medium dynamics are examined to determine the optimal energy of laser pulses for the selective photoionization of 168 Yb, and to determine Yb isotopes which have a large influence on the excitation of 168 Yb. Secondly, the thick medium dynamics are investigated, resulting in the fact that the laser pulse for the first transition is prominently deformed due to the near-resonant interaction with 171 Yb and 173 Yb, and the ion yield along the propagation of the laser beam is strongly dependent on the initial energy of pulse for the first transition and the time-delay between input pulses.

Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•Sep 14, 1995•15 citations
A principle for the efficient excitation of a three-level medium in a selective photoionization method is examined. It is shown that with special detunings for a given set of the laser-atom interaction the third-level population can be maximized. The expression of the optimal detunings is derived near the two-photon resonance region. It is shown that if the optimal detuning method is applied to three-level systems of Yb and Ca, the first-level populations are inverted to their corresponding third levels by about 100% and 86%, respectively. Application of this method to a Doppler-broadened medium is discussed and it is found that the optimal detuning method with counterpropagating waves will be very effective for selective ionization of wanted atoms.
A theoretical investigation is made of the photoionisation of a three-level medium intended for laser isotope separation. The results show that the highest ionisation efficiency can be achieved by dividing the process into two stages: coherent population inversion and photoionisation. A study is made of the possibility of inversion of three-level systems for various detunings of the laser frequencies from the radiative transition frequencies. It is shown that there are detunings for which the population of the third level is maximal for any a priori selected parameters of the medium and field. Such detunings lie near a two-photon resonance and depend on the energy density and duration of the laser pulses, and also on the dipole moments of the transitions. The suitability of this method in the case of inhomogeneously broadened optically dense media is considered. It is shown that the method is most efficient in the case of counterpropagating laser pulses. The efficiency of the method is demonstrated for ytterbium.
Population transfer in three-level atomic systems with high efficiency and selectivity is desirable for practical applications in laser spectroscopy, trace analysis, and isotope separation. The effective excitation method for achieving this population transfer in three-level atomic systems using coherent two-photon excitation with two optimally detuned counterpropagating pulsed lasers, initially investigated analytically assuming monochromatic lasers and Doppler-free systems, is studied numerically by solving the density matrix equations incorporating finite laser linewidth and effective Doppler width. A three-level Yb system is chosen for illustration of numerical results. The effects of laser linewidth and effective Doppler width on the values of optimal detunings and maximum third-level population are discussed.
The population inversion in a three-level atomic system, interacting with two coherent laser pulses, occurs from the first level to the third level at the optimal detunings of the laser frequencies near the two-photon resonance. An examination is performed to see whether the energy density and time-delay of the photoionizing laser can significantly influence the ion yield for the case where the atom interacts with two coherent pulses and one photoionizing pulse incoherently coupled. The well-known three-colour, three-step, three-photon ionization scheme, which is available for the selective photoionization of 168Yb, is chosen for use in this research with the Bloch equation. It is revealed that the proper time-delay and energy density enable us to achieve higher efficiency for the selective photoionization of 168Yb, regardless of the Doppler-broadening, though the efficiency and selectivity of coherent excitation are prominently enhanced by applying the optimal detunings.
The medium of the three-level Yb atom corresponding to the three-colour, three-step, three-photon scheme of 6 1 S 0 (0 cm -1 ) to 6 3 P 1 (17992008 cm -1 ) to (7/2, 3/2) 2 4f 13 6s 2 6p (35196.98 cm -1 ) to autoionization state (52353 cm -1 ) is chosen to examine the selective photoionization of 168 Yb. The Maxwell-Bloch equation is numerically solved, where the interacting laser pulses are supposed to be collinear and resonant with the transition lines of 168 Yb, and the effects of Doppler broadening and laser bandwidth are incorporated. Firstly, the thin medium dynamics are examined to determine the optimal energy of laser pulses for the selective photoionization of 168 Yb, and to determine Yb isotopes which have a large influence on the excitation of 168 Yb. Secondly, the thick medium dynamics are investigated, resulting in the fact that the laser pulse for the first transition is prominently deformed due to the near-resonant interaction with 171 Yb and 173 Yb, and the ion yield along the propagation of the laser beam is strongly dependent on the initial energy of pulse for the first transition and the time-delay between input pulses.