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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Second harmonic generation and parametric emission by two-photon excitation of the 5s2S1/2state of sodium

Stoyan Dinev

Published Mar 28, 1988• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Second harmonic generation from the 5s 2 S 1/2 state of sodium has been measured by TPR excitation. The difference in polarisation characteristics of the second harmonic and parametric emission has been used to suppress the large background (10 8 ) near the harmonic frequency.
DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/21/6/018

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A high-resolution study of magnetic-field-induced second-harmonic generation in sodium vapor has been carried out with use of a single-frequency continuous-wave dye laser. Resonant enhancement was obtained by tuning the laser to the frequency of the 3S\ensuremath{\rightarrow}4D two-photon transition of the sodium atom. Experimental and theoretical results are presented showing the variation of the power and polarization properties of the second-harmonic radiation as the laser is tuned across the two-photon resonance, and as the transverse magnetic field is varied.
Optical second harmonic generation has been observed on or near the 4s 2 S 1/2 -6s 2 S 1/2 , 4s 2 S 1/2 -np 2 P 1/2, 3/2 (n=5, 6) and 4s 2 S 1/2 -nd 2 D 5/2, 3/2 (n=3,4) two-photon resonances in potassium vapour, as laser scanning in the 660-940 nm wavelength range. The second harmonic intensities and ionisation currents have been measured as a function of pumping laser detuning from the two-photon resonances. On or near the two-photon resonances, the intensity and vapour-density dependence of second harmonic generation have also been investigated. The saturation of second harmonic generation has been observed. Some calculations and analyses have been made with the chi (3) model. The results have been compared with the measurements. Based on these analyses, the mechanisms for second harmonic generation in isotropic vapours are discussed.
Structure in the continuum of an atomic system attributed to the coupling of a bound state by a strong laser field has been reported elsewhere (1-3). Such experiments have employed a second laser to probe the continuum from the ground state by measuring polarization rotation 0), third harmonic generation (2) or three photon ionization (3). We report here an experiment similar to reference 2 using two photon resonant, third harmonic generation in sodium, perturbed by a second laser which couples the 5s state to the continuum. Under no conditions was any laser induced continuum structure (LICS) observed in these experiments, in contrast to the results reported elsewhere (2).