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Physical review. B, Condensed matter

Suzuki-Trotter decomposition and renormalization of a transverse-field Ising model in two dimensions

M. Dudzin-acuteski, J. Szṅajd

Published Jun 1, 1997• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The combined Suzuki-Trotter decomposition and Niemeijer--van Leuween real-space renormalization-group techniques are used to study the critical properties of a two-dimensional Ising system with a transverse field. The inverse critical temperature as a function of the external field and the temperature dependence of the transverse component of the magnetization are found. It is also shown that any real-space renormalization-group procedure based on the simple generalization of the Niemeijer--van Leeuwen majority rule for one of the components of the total-cell spin does not preserve the symmetry of the quantum spin space.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.55.14948

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Physical review. B, Condensed matter•May 1, 1979•61 citations
The combined Suzuki-Trotter decomposition and Niemeijer--van Leuween real-space renormalization-group techniques are used to study the critical properties of a two-dimensional Ising system with a transverse field. The inverse critical temperature as a function of the external field and the temperature dependence of the transverse component of the magnetization are found. It is also shown that any real-space renormalization-group procedure based on the simple generalization of the Niemeijer--van Leeuwen majority rule for one of the components of the total-cell spin does not preserve the symmetry of the quantum spin space.
The equivalence of the critical behavior of the ddd-dimensional Ising model at a finite temperature to that of a ddd- 1 dimensional system at zero temperature as a function of a transverse magnetic field is used to calculate the critical exponents for the three-dimensional model by applying the Niemeijer-Van Leeuwen renormalization-group method to the two-dimensional problem.
A quantum generalization of the Niemeijer and van Leeuwen (N-vL) renormalization group transformation is constructed which allows to study the critical properties (at Tc>0) of a two-dimensional Ising system with a transverse field on a triangular lattice. Explicit calculations are performed in a second order cumulant expansion. Only one fixed point is found corresponding to the same Ising-like hamiltonian given by N-vl. The linearized transformation has a zero eigenvalue associated with Γ, the transverse field strength. The critical properties of the system are briefly discussed; in particular we show that the singular behaviour of the transverse susceptibility at Γ = 0, which turns out to be of the same kind as that of the energy density, is explained by the existence of such a zero eigenvalue. Our arguments suggest a natural extension of this result to three dimensions.
A zero-temperature real-space renormalization-group method is presented and applied to the quantum Ising model with a transverse field in one dimension. The transition between the low-field and high-field regimes is studied. Magnetization components, spin correlation functions, and critical exponents are derived and checked against the exact results. It is shown that increasing the size of the blocks in the iterative procedure yields more accurate results, especially for the critical "magnetic" exponents near the transition.
The mean-field approximation is used for the evaluation of the Niemeijer---Van Leeuwen real-space renormalization. Although this new method is very simple, it gives reasonable results for the critical properties of two-, three-, and four-dimensional Ising models, for the transition temperature Tc{T}_{c}Tc​ of an Ising model with clusters and for the two-dimensional Ising antiferromagnet in an external magnetic field. Using this new mean-field renormalization in connection with the real-space renormalization of the kinetic Ising model, which recently has been suggested by the author, we obtain the long-time relaxation of the magnetization for all temperatures above Tc{T}_{c}Tc​. In the last application the critical properties of nnn-dimensional spins in two and three space dimensions are calculated for arbitrary nnn. Here the mean-field approximation and Monte Carlo methods are used to evaluate the renormalization step.
A newly developed zero-temperature real-space renormalization-group method is applied to the quantum Ising model with a transverse field on different two-dimensional lattices: hexagonal, triangular, and quadratic. The order parameter, spin-spin correlation functions, the critical fields, and the critical exponents describing the low-field-large-field transition are calculated. The influence of size and shape of the spin blocks used in the iterative process is discussed. The results for triangular and hexagonal lattices are new; for the quadratic lattice the calculations show an encouraging agreement with previous series-expansion results. The expected equivalence to the critical behavior of the three-dimensional Ising model is discussed: A reasonable agreement is obtained for the hexagonal lattice.