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Journal of Modern Optics

Bunching and Antibunching Effects in a System ofNTwo-level Atoms

M. H. Mahran, A.‐S. F. Obada

Published Nov 1, 1987• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The problem of exhibiting bunching and antibunching phenomena for a system of N two-level atoms in interaction with light is investigated. The conditions for the change from bunching to antibunching and vice versa are obtained for resonance, and for time-independent and time-dependent coupling constant. The conditions for the case of resonance and time-independent coupling constant are investigated for both generalized coherent states and squeezed coherent states.

DOI
10.1080/09500348714551371

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The problem of exhibiting bunching and antibunching phenomena for a system of N two-level atoms in interaction with light is investigated. The conditions for the change from bunching to antibunching and vice versa are obtained for resonance, and for time-independent and time-dependent coupling constant. The conditions for the case of resonance and time-independent coupling constant are investigated for both generalized coherent states and squeezed coherent states.
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In contrast to coherent states \ensuremath{\Vert}\ensuremath{\alpha}〉 which have zero Hanbury Brown and Twiss Effect [i.e., g(2){g}^{(2)}g(2)(0)=1], it is shown that generalized coherent states \ensuremath{\Vert}n,\ensuremath{\alpha}〉 are antibunched for \ensuremath{\Vert}\ensuremath{\alpha}${\ensuremath{\Vert}}^{2}$(1/2). The range of values for \ensuremath{\alpha} (real) in terms of the squeezing parameter r (real) for the squeezed coherent state \ensuremath{\Vert}\ensuremath{\alpha},r〉 in order to exhibit bunching and antibunching are obtained. The conditions and the exact range of values for r and \ensuremath{\alpha} for a given n for generalized squeezed coherent states \ensuremath{\Vert}n,\ensuremath{\alpha},r〉 to exhibit bunching and antibunching are also obtained.
Anti-bunching effect of the light field in the system of a two-mode field initially in an SU(2) coherent state resonantly interacting with a three-level V-type atom are investigated by numerical calculations.The influences of the selective atomic measurement,the total photon of the tow-mode,the partition parameter,the coupling constant and the atomic initial state on the anti-bunching effect of the light field is discussed.The results indicate: the a mode anti-bunching effect is distinctly enhanced when the state-selective measurement is performed on the atom or the atom is initially on the lower level;the anti-bunching effect of the field does not change over time when the tow coupling constants are same and the direct state-selective measurement is performed on the atom;the anti-bunching effect of the two mode of the field is distinctly enhanced when the total photon number of the two-mode is decreased.
By means of solving Schrdinger equation and numerical calculations,photon bunching and antibunching effect in the system of the two-mode entangled coherent states interacting with a moving V-type three-level atom is investigated.The results indicate that the effect of photon bunching and antibunching in the system intensively depend on mean photon numbers of the two-mode entangled coherent states and the speed of the atom.For a special mean photon number,the velocity of atom will afftect the effect of photon bunching and antibunching intensively.For those relatively large mean photon numbers,the initial state of the atom and the degree of entanglement of the two-mode entangled coherent states have no influences on the effect of photon bunching and antibunching.For those relatively small mean photon numbers,the initial state of the atom and the degree of entanglement of the two-mode entangled coherent states only have slight influences on the effect of photon bunching and antibunching.