The dynamics of macroscopic density fluctuations is studied in the Overhauser model. The spectral decomposition of the time derivative on the Hilbert space of macroscopic density fluctuations is completely determined. The spectrum of the collective excitations is rigorously calculated.
This article focuses on the calculation of spectral functions for single- and multi-impurity models using the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG). To calculate spectral functions in DMRG, the correction vector method is presently the most widely used approach. One, however, always obtains Lorentzian convoluted spectral functions, which in applications like the dynamical mean-field theory can lead to wrong results. In order to overcome this restriction, we use chain decompositions in which the resulting effective Hamiltonian can be diagonalized completely to calculate a discrete ``peak'' spectrum. We show that this peak spectrum is a very good approximation to a deconvolution of the correction vector spectral function. Calculating this deconvoluted spectrum directly from the DMRG basis set and operators is the most natural approach, because it uses only information from the system itself. Having calculated this excitation spectrum, one can use an arbitrary broadening to obtain a smooth spectral function or directly analyze the excitations. As a nontrivial test, we apply this method to obtain spectral functions for a model of three coupled Anderson impurities. Although we are focusing in this article on impurity models, the proposed method for calculating the peak spectrum can be easily adapted to usual lattice models.
Recently Swanson et al.1 have shown that, even in the transient regime of a Raman generator, when the Stokes pulses are nominally transform-limited, the mean frequency of the pulses fluctuates from pulse to pulse. The coherent modes model2 provides a simple, intuitive and computationally efficient method for determining the statistics of the Stokes light from a Raman generator. We use this model to calculate the probability density of the mean frequency of the Stokes pulse energy spectrum and show that it gives reasonable agreement with Swanson et al.'s experimental results. The spectral fluctuations in the transient regime arise because the excitation of high-order temporally coherent modes produces a time-dependent phase structure in the Stokes pulse. The phase of the Stokes field is more sensitive to the excitation of these high-order modes than is its amplitude, so that the pulse energy spectrum exhibits measurable fluctuations in the transient regime, even though the pulse temporal shape does not.3
We theoretically examine collective excitations of an optically driven atomic Bose-Einstein condensate, coupled to a high-finesse optical cavity. This open system has been recently used for the experimental demonstration of the Dicke superradiance of cavity photons, which is simultaneously and mutually triggered by spontaneous breaking of translational symmetry of the condensate into a crystalline order. We first develop a Hartree-Fock mean field dynamical model of the physical system. Using this model, we compute the dynamics of the cavity photons, the condensate density profile and the Dicke phase transition diagram. Both the imaginary-time and real-time evolution methods are used in the calculations. Collective excitations are determined by the solving Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations. The spectrum, softening of the modes and energetic hierarchy of excitations are determined.