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Physical Review A

Linewidth Corrections for Atoms Driven near Resonance

B. R. Mollow

Published Apr 1, 1972• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The two-level atom driven near resonance by a very strong classical field is analyzed, and corrections up to second order in the reciprocal field frequency are found to the usual resonant equations of motion. The results are compared to those found recently by Chang and Stehle in a quantum-mechanical formulation of the same problem.
DOI
10.1103/physreva.5.1969

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The author attempts to show that, in contradiction with work by Chang and Stehle, the semiclassical description of RF resonance experiments is valid. The density matrix equation of motion is set up for a two-level atom interacting with a one-mode quantized field. The terms giving the semiclassical description are separated and the contributions arising from the rest are carefully evaluated. Corrections to the semiclassical treatment are found to be of order n 0 -2 , where n 0 is the average number of RF photons. In practice such corrections are negligible.
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We identify discrepancies between two published predictions of the resonance fluorescence from a two-level atom driven by a strong bichromatic field [J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 8,8,8, 1163 (1991) and Phys. Rev. A 48,48,48, 3092 (1993)]. These discrepancies are shown to arise from subtleties in extracting the time-averaged resonance fluorescence from the expansions used to solve the optical Bloch equations. We construct a solution to these equations that corrects the results of the latter reference and reconciles the two predictions.
The parametric resonances and the quasi-level structure of an atom strongly driven by a near-resonant amplitude-modulated optical field are studied theoretically. An approximate analytical solution of the density-matrix equations of motion is obtained for two-level and three-level atoms. Based on this solution the quasi-level shifts are analyzed, and the conditions for the quasi-levels to cross each other are derived. Expressions are given for the probe-wave absorption/gain spectrum near the parametric resonance and far from it. It is pointed out that the parametric resonances appear when the pumping field sidebands are tuned to resonance with some transitions among the quasi-levels.