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Physical Review Letters

Differential Scattering of Na 3S12 and 3P32 from Ne: Determination of Ground- and Excited-State Potentials for NaNe

Gary M. Carter, David E. Pritchard, Martin Kaplan, Theodore W. Ducas

Published Oct 27, 1975• 93 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report high-resolution measurements of the differential cross section for scattering Na in its $3{S}_{\frac{1}{2}}$ and $3{P}_{\frac{3}{2}}$ states from Ne. A new scheme is used to maintain a high fraction (\ensuremath{\sim}20%) of an atomic beam of Na in the excited state for many radiative lifetimes using a single-mode cw dye laser. The differential cross sections are interpreted to yield interatomic potential curves for both the $X\ensuremath{\Sigma}$ and $A\ensuremath{\Pi}$ states of the NaNe molecule which seriously disagree with recent pseudopotential calculations.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.35.1144

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We report high-resolution measurements of the differential cross section for scattering Na in its 3S$sub 1$/$sub 2$ and 3P$sub 3$/$sub 2$ states from Ne. A new scheme is used to maintain a high fraction (approx.20%) of an atomic beam of Na in the excited state for many radiative lifetimes using a single-mode cw dye laser. The differential cross sections are interpreted to yield interatomic potential curves for both the X$Sigma$ and APi states of the NaNe molecule which seriously disagree with recent pseudopotential calculations. (AIP)

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Collision-Induced Mixing in the First Excited States of Sodium and Potassium

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The cross sections for the collision-induced transfer of excitation from the $^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}$ level to the $^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}$ level of the first excited states of the alkali atoms have been measured for several alkali-noble gas systems. The cross sections were determined with a conventional resonance fluorescence technique in which the radiation from a spectral source was absorbed and re-emitted by an alkali vapor at low pressure (\ensuremath{\sim}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$ Torr), and the scattered light analyzed with a scanning spectrometer. Provision was made for the introduction of various noble gases at controlled pressures into the alkali vapor. The determined cross sections are (in units of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}16}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$): Na-He, 41.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2.9; Na-Ne, 36.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2.5; Na-Ar, 64.6\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5.2; Na-Kr, 68.2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5.5; Na-Xe, 61.8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}4.9; K-He, 52.8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5.8; K-Ne, 14.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.2; K-Ar, 34.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3.1. The quoted errors are estimated 70% confidence intervals. The measurements are compared with other experimental results and with various estimated cross sections.

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Cross-section measurement for the energy-transfer collisions Na(3P)+Na(3P)→Na(5S,4D)+Na(3S)

M. Allegrini, Paola Bicchi, L. Moi

We report our measurements of the cross sections ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{5S}$ and ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{4D}$ for the electronic-energy-transfer process $\mathrm{Na}(3P)+\mathrm{Na}(3P)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{Na}(5S,4D)+\mathrm{Na}(3S)$. To obtain these cross sections we have measured the fluorescence intensity for the transitions $5S\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3P$, $4D\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3P$, and $3P\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3S$ in sodium vapor excited with a cw dye laser. The study of this electronic energy transfer is complicated and there is a large disagreement (\ensuremath{\gtrsim}${10}^{4}$) among reported measurements. We believe we have avoided most of the difficulties of previous experiments. Our results are ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{5S}=(2.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.7)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}15}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ and ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{4D}=(3.2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.1)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}15}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$, and they are compared with the results of other experiments.

Physical Review A•Sep 1, 1983•59 citations
We report high-resolution measurements of the differential cross section for scattering Na in its 3S123{S}_{\frac{1}{2}}3S21​​ and 3P323{P}_{\frac{3}{2}}3P23​​ states from Ne. A new scheme is used to maintain a high fraction (\ensuremath{\sim}20%) of an atomic beam of Na in the excited state for many radiative lifetimes using a single-mode cw dye laser. The differential cross sections are interpreted to yield interatomic potential curves for both the X\ensuremathΣX\ensuremath{\Sigma}X\ensuremathΣ and A\ensuremathΠA\ensuremath{\Pi}A\ensuremathΠ states of the NaNe molecule which seriously disagree with recent pseudopotential calculations.
Differential scattering of Na 3Ssub1sub 1sub1/sub2sub 2sub2 and 3Psub3sub 3sub3/sub2sub 2sub2 from Ne: Determination of ground- and excited-state potentials for NaNe
We report high-resolution measurements of the differential cross section for scattering Na in its 3Ssub1sub 1sub1/sub2sub 2sub2 and 3Psub3sub 3sub3/sub2sub 2sub2 states from Ne. A new scheme is used to maintain a high fraction (approx.20%) of an atomic beam of Na in the excited state for many radiative lifetimes using a single-mode cw dye laser. The differential cross sections are interpreted to yield interatomic potential curves for both the XSigmaSigmaSigma and APi states of the NaNe molecule which seriously disagree with recent pseudopotential calculations. (AIP)
The differential cross section has been measured for the interaction of Na 2 P 3/2 with Hg. The excitation of Na has been achieved with linearly polarised light of a CW dye laser. The measurements have been evaluated by fitting the parameters of a pseudopotential from which the interatomic potentials have been obtained. The scattering calculation for these interatomic potentials is performed by integrating the coupled Schrodinger equations for the six coupled channels resulting from the P states with J= 3 / 2 and 1 / 2 and their respective values of m j . This experiment and the experiment for the ground-state interaction are now both described by a common calculation using the pseudopotential method.
We have produced the van der Waals molecule NaNe in a supersonic expansion, and have studied the $A^{2}\ensuremath{\Pi}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}X^{2}\ensuremath{\Sigma}$ transition using a single-mode cw dye laser. Using analysis based on isotope shifts and the long-range ${R}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$ behavior of the excited-state $A^{2}\ensuremath{\Pi}$ potential, we find its well depth and location to be ${D}_{\mathrm{eA}}=140\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ at ${\mathcal{r}}_{\mathrm{eA}}=(5.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.1){a}_{0}$ and for the $X^{2}\ensuremath{\Sigma}$ ground state, ${D}_{\mathrm{eX}}=8.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.9$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ at ${\mathcal{r}}_{\mathrm{eX}}=(10.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.2){a}_{0}$. These results are compared with pseudopotential calculations and several recent line-broadening and collisions experiments.
We report resolution of the 1% discrepancy between theory and experiment for the lifetime of the first excited state of Na. Determining the atomic lifetime by a novel method, we have measured the natural linewidth of the $3{}^{2}{S}_{1/2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3{}^{2}{P}_{3/2}$ transition with <0.25<0.25%<0.25 accuracy through precision spectroscopy on an optically prepared sample of ultracold, two-level atoms. The resulting 32P3/23{}^{2}{P}_{3/2}32P3/2​ lifetime of 16.237(35) ns disagrees with previous time-domain measurements but is in good agreement with recent calculations and a new fast beam result.
The cross sections for the collision-induced transfer of excitation from the 2P32^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}2P23​​ level to the 2P12^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}2P21​​ level of the first excited states of the alkali atoms have been measured for several alkali-noble gas systems. The cross sections were determined with a conventional resonance fluorescence technique in which the radiation from a spectral source was absorbed and re-emitted by an alkali vapor at low pressure (\ensuremath{\sim}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$ Torr), and the scattered light analyzed with a scanning spectrometer. Provision was made for the introduction of various noble gases at controlled pressures into the alkali vapor. The determined cross sections are (in units of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}16}$ cm2{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}cm2): Na-He, 41.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2.9; Na-Ne, 36.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2.5; Na-Ar, 64.6\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5.2; Na-Kr, 68.2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5.5; Na-Xe, 61.8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}4.9; K-He, 52.8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5.8; K-Ne, 14.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.2; K-Ar, 34.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3.1. The quoted errors are estimated 70% confidence intervals. The measurements are compared with other experimental results and with various estimated cross sections.
We report our measurements of the cross sections ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{5S}$ and ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{4D}$ for the electronic-energy-transfer process $\mathrm{Na}(3P)+\mathrm{Na}(3P)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{Na}(5S,4D)+\mathrm{Na}(3S)$. To obtain these cross sections we have measured the fluorescence intensity for the transitions $5S\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3P$, $4D\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3P$, and $3P\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3S$ in sodium vapor excited with a cw dye laser. The study of this electronic energy transfer is complicated and there is a large disagreement (\ensuremath{\gtrsim}104{10}^{4}104) among reported measurements. We believe we have avoided most of the difficulties of previous experiments. Our results are ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{5S}=(2.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.7)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}15}$ cm2{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}cm2 and ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{4D}=(3.2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.1)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}15}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$, and they are compared with the results of other experiments.