Role of the gas-liquid phase transition in the theory of nuclear matter

Arnau Rios, A. Polls, Angels Ramos +1 more

Jean‐Christophe Pain

In many fields of statistical physics, for instance in the study of the liquid-gas phase transition in finite nuclear matter, the Virial coefficients of the Fermi gas play a major role. In this note, we provide relations, sum rules, analytical formulas and numerical values for such coefficients.

MANUEL DE LLANO

Lanxuan Gao, Koki Takayama, Hiroyuki Tajima +2 more

We theoretically investigate the thermodynamic properties of a quasi-one-dimensional single-component dipolar Fermi gas at finite temperatures. A self-bound fermionic droplet can be achieved by exchange correlations with long-range dipole-dipole interactions under quasi-one-dimensional confinement, where the interaction can be tuned by tilting the dipoles along the system coordinate. Using the Hartree-Fock approximation, we show how the liquid-gas phase transition occurs in this system and elucidate the finite-temperature phase structure consisting of a gas phase, liquid phase, gas-liquid coexistence phase, and spinodal phase. We also discuss its similarity to the liquid-gas phase transition in nuclear matter through a comparison with phenomenological models. By examining the experimental conditions for realizing self-bound fermionic droplets, we find that microwave-shielded fermionic polar molecules are promising candidates. Our results will be useful for an interdisciplinary understanding of self-bound fermionic matter as well as an analog quantum simulation of nuclear systems.

Arnau Rios, Arianna Carbone, A. Polls +1 more

The liquid-gas phase transition in nuclear systems is a unique phenomenon, at the frontier of nuclear, many-body and statistical physics. We study this phase transition theoretically at the Hartree-Fock level and explore the available parameter space for the critical point by using several mean-field parametrizations. We find the latent heat of the transition and describe its temperature dependence from first principles. Using tools from many-body physics, we also describe the phase transition beyond the mean-field approximation and find a marked dependence on both the microscopic interaction and the many-body approximation scheme.

J.P. Jeukenne, A Lejeune, Claude Mahaux