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Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters

Principle of forming bound states of atoms in a laser field

Oleg N. Gadomsky, A. G. Glukhov

Published Jul 1, 2005• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

It has been shown that different regimes of forming bound states of colliding atoms are possible due to their near-field interaction in a laser field. Analysis is performed for room temperature and a weak laser field under the conditions of smooth scanning of the laser radiation frequency in dependence on frequencies of near-field optical resonances.

DOI
10.1134/1.2056628

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It has been shown that different regimes of forming bound states of colliding atoms are possible due to their near-field interaction in a laser field. Analysis is performed for room temperature and a weak laser field under the conditions of smooth scanning of the laser radiation frequency in dependence on frequencies of near-field optical resonances.
We show that it is possible to excite higher rotational states J>2J>2J>2 in ultracold photoassociation by two laser fields. Usually higher JJJ states are suppressed in photoassociation at ultracold temperatures in the regime of Wigner threshold laws. We propose a scheme in which one strong laser field drives photoassociation transition close to either J=1J=1J=1 or J=2J=2J=2 rotational state of a particular vibrational level of an electronically excited molecule. The other laser field is tuned near photoassociation resonance with J>2J>2J>2 rotational levels of the same vibrational state. The strong laser field induces a strong continuum-bound dipole coupling. The resulting dipole force between two colliding atoms modifies the continuum states forming continuum-bound dressed states with a significant component of higher partial waves in the continuum configuration. When the second laser is scanned near the resonance of the higher JJJ states, these states become populated due to photoassociative transitions from the modified continuum.
Near field Scanning Microwave Microscopy (NSMM) is a scanning probe technique that non-invasively can obtain material properties on the nano-scale at microwave frequencies. While focus has been on developing room-temperature systems it was recently shown that this technique can potentially reach the quantum regime, opening up for applications in materials science and device characterization in solid state quantum information processing. In this paper we theoretically investigate this new regime of NSMM. Specifically we show that interaction between a resonant NSMM probe and certain types of two-level systems become possible when the NSMM probe operates in the (sub-) single photon regime, and we expect a high signal-to-noise ratio if operated under the right conditions. This would allow to detect single atomic material defects with energy splittings in the GHz range with nano-scale resolution, provided that individual defects in the material under study are well enough separated. We estimate that this condition is fulfilled for materials with loss tangents below tan δ ∼ 10(-3) which holds for materials used in today's quantum circuits and devices where typically tan δ < 10(-5). We also propose several extensions to a resonant NSMM that could improve sensitivity and functionality also for microscopes operating in a high power regime.
Analysis of the possiblity of cooling, trapping, and storage of atoms in the resonant field of a laser standing wave is presented. Under certain regimes of frequency scanning the laser radiation can cool atoms in low-pressure gas to the temperature T ≃ 10−4−10−3 K. Because of gradient force effects, cooled atoms will be held in the light field for a long time. Joint cooling and storage of atoms in a resonant light field is important for spectroscopic studies with an extremely high sensitivity and resolution.