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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Photoionization polarization spectroscopy of complex atoms

Koichi Nittoh, K Nakayama, Jun Watanabe, Hiroto Adachi, H Ueda, T. Yoshida

Published May 28, 1994• 9 citations
Publisher

Abstract

An improved method for the angular momentum measurement of autoionizing levels of complex atoms based on photoionization polarization spectroscopy is reported. In this method, a variation of the ion yield is measured as a function of the combination of the polarizations of the lasers used to excite the autoionizing level through a ladder of intermediate resonant states. Here, eight combinations of different polarizations in three lasers are used, which include not only circular but also linear polarizations. It has been confirmed that the angular momentum of the autoionizing level can be determined uniquely by relative ion-yield measurements for any combination of angular momenta of the levels of the excitation ladders by choosing appropriate intensities of the lasers.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/27/10/006

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An improved method for the angular momentum measurement of autoionizing levels of complex atoms based on photoionization polarization spectroscopy is reported. In this method, a variation of the ion yield is measured as a function of the combination of the polarizations of the lasers used to excite the autoionizing level through a ladder of intermediate resonant states. Here, eight combinations of different polarizations in three lasers are used, which include not only circular but also linear polarizations. It has been confirmed that the angular momentum of the autoionizing level can be determined uniquely by relative ion-yield measurements for any combination of angular momenta of the levels of the excitation ladders by choosing appropriate intensities of the lasers.
A simple and accurate method of measuring the total angular momentum J of atomic energy levels is described. The method is essentially based on the J and photon-polarization dependence of the laser-induced two-step excitation in a three-level system. Four different combinations of polarizations in two lasers, which are tuned to each of the two Bohr frequencies, are utilized. They are co-circulating, counter-circulating polarizations and mutually parallel and perpendicular linear polarizations. It has been confirmed that the J-value of a level in the three-level system can be determined uniquely from relative strengths of the fluorescence originating in the top level. The determination of J is carried out by recognition of patterns in the excitation behaviour, which is peculiar to each J-value. The merit of the present method lies in the high reliability inherent in the pattern recognition procedure and also in the relative ease of the experiment.
The autoionizing states of ytterbium (Yb) were investigated by three-photon polarization spectroscopy. Ytterbium atoms were excited to autoionizing states through the transition 6s2{\mathit{s}}^{2}s2 1^{1}1S0{\mathit{S}}_{0}S0​--6s6p 3^{3}3P1{\mathit{P}}_{1}P1​--4f13{\mathit{f}}^{13}f13(2{(}^{2}(2F7/2{\mathit{F}}_{7/2}F7/2​)6${\mathit{s}}^{2}666{\mathit{p}}_{3/2}$ (J=2). The total angular momenta J of the autoionizing states were identified by comparing the line intensities from the spectra recorded with different combinations of the laser polarization. In this work, 17 autoionizing states including many new ones were investigated. For all these states Fano parameters and J values are measured.
The authors have measured the population in each of the 5d 3/2 (m j ) ion states following autoionization of the (6p 3/2 nd) J=MJ=3 state by using a circularly polarized laser to excite the Ba + 5d 3/2 to 6p 1 2/ transition, and observing the polarized fluorescence of the Ba + 6p 1/2 to 6s 1/2 transition. The branching ratios for autoionization into each of the 5d 3/2 in l j channels can be related to these ion populations by using angular momentum algebra. The fractions of ions found in the m j =+3/2, +1/2, -1/2 and -3.2 state of the 5d 3/2 ion states were 5.9(+or-2.6)%, 4.5(+or-1.9)%, 3.2(+or-1.3)% and 1.9(+or-0.6)% respectively. This method can easily be generalized to measure the branching ratio for autoonization into other ion states.