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International Conference on Information, Communications & Signal Processing (ICICS)

Low-complexity architecture design for modified WiMAX Low-Density Parity-Check codes

Kuang-Hao Lin, Meng-Yi Lin, Jan‐Dong Tseng

Published Dec 1, 2011• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, a modified WiMAX Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes for realistic LDPC coding system architectures is presented. The LDPC code, which is a special class of quasi-cyclic LDPC (QC-LDPC), has an efficient encoding algorithm owing to the simple structure of their parity-check matrices. A proposed distribution of irregular parity-check matrix for the modified WiMAX LDPC is developed so that we can obtain a low-complexity architecture design, and achievable circuit implementation. The modified WiMAX LDPC code decoding employs the iterative min-sum algorithm (MSA) and its decoder architecture design uses the bit node unit (BNU) and check node unit (CNU). Different word-length of hardware design for LDPC decoder can be simulated. Therefore, the word-length with 8-bit is enough for hardware implementation.

DOI
10.1109/icics.2011.6174313

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In this paper, a modified WiMAX Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes for realistic LDPC coding system architectures is presented. The LDPC code, which is a special class of quasi-cyclic LDPC (QC-LDPC), has an efficient encoding algorithm owing to the simple structure of their parity-check matrices. A proposed distribution of irregular parity-check matrix for the modified WiMAX LDPC is developed so that we can obtain a low-complexity architecture design, and achievable circuit implementation. The modified WiMAX LDPC code decoding employs the iterative min-sum algorithm (MSA) and its decoder architecture design uses the bit node unit (BNU) and check node unit (CNU). Different word-length of hardware design for LDPC decoder can be simulated. Therefore, the word-length with 8-bit is enough for hardware implementation.
In this paper, a combined Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) code decoding design method, called modified Block-Type LDPC (B-LDPC), for realistic LDPC coding system architectures is presented. The B-LDPC code, which is a special class of quasi-cyclic LDPC (QC-LDPC), has an efficient encoding algorithm owing to the simple structure of their parity-check matrices. A proposed distribution of irregular parity-check matrix for the modified B-LDPC is developed so that we can obtain an area-efficient decoder design, good error correction performance, and achievable architecture implementation. The modified B-LDPC code decoding utilizes the iterative min-sum algorithm (MSA) and its decoding architecture design employs the non-overlapping operations of bit node unit (BNU) and check node unit (CNU). Different block matrix sizes for parity-check matrix can be adopted so that the modified B-LDPC code decoding improves the throughput without obvious performance degradation.
In this paper, we construct the cyclic block-type low-density parity-check (CB-LDPC) codes for low complexity hardware implementation. The CB-LDPC code, which is a special class of quasi-cyclic LDPC (QC-LDPC), has an efficient encoding algorithm due to the simple structure of their parity-check matrices. A distribution of irregular parity-check matrix for the CB-LDPC is developed so that we can obtain an area-efficient decoder design, good error correction performance, and low complexity architecture implementation. The CB-LDPC code decoding uses the iterative min-sum algorithm (MSA) and the block parallel connection design to improve the hardware architecture complexity and area.
In this paper, we modify a previously proposed decoding algorithm and propose a VLSI architecture to decode the quasi-cyclic low-density parity-check (QC-LDPC) code C used in the IEEE 802.16e standard. The modified decoding algorithm sequentially decodes a plurality of block codes for which its code length is much smaller than that of C. The proposed decoder can achieve a faster speed of convergence, lower decoding latency, higher throughput, and lower number of memory access as compared to the decoders using conventional turbo decoding message passing (TDMP) based on similar hardware complexity.
This paper presents an efficient general-purpose QC-LDPC decoder architecture by combining hardware with software.The proposed architecture can be applied to regular and irregular QC-LDPC codes of various rates,lengths and parity-check matrix structures,and supports min-sum approximation decoding algorithms and realizes different message passing scheduling strategies.Some complicated message update is implemented by a hardware accelerator,thus the decoding throughput is improved.According to the quasi-cyclic structure of the parity-check matrix,the messages are stored and processed by blocks in decoding.Parallel message processing can also be realized with a small increase in implementation complexity.
Non-binary low-density parity check (NB-LDPC) codes are an extension of binary LDPC codes with significantly better performance.Although various kinds of low-complexity iterative decoding algorithms have been proposed, there is a big challenge for VLSI implementation of NBLDPC decoders due to its high complexity and long latency.In this brief, highly efficient check node processing scheme, which the processing delay greatly reduced, including Min-Max decoding algorithm and check node unit are proposed.Compare with previous works, less than 52% could be reduced for the latency of check node unit.In addition, the efficiency of the presented techniques is design to demonstrate for the (620, 310) NB-QC-LDPC decoder.
In this paper, the authors propose an efficient highly-parallel decoder architecture using partially overlapped decoding scheme for quasi-cyclic (QC) low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes, which leads to reduction in hardware complexity and power consumption. Generally, due to the regularly structured parity-check matrix H of QC LDPC codes, the message updating computations in the check node unit (CNU) and the variable node unit (VNU) can be efficiently overlapped, which increases the decoding throughput by maximizing the hardware utilization efficiency (HUE). However, the partially overlapped decoding scheme cannot be used to design a highly-parallel decoding architecture for high-throughput applications. For (3, 5)-regular QC LDPC codes, our proposed method could reduce the hardware complexity by approximately 33% for the CNU and 20% for the VNU in the highly-parallel decoder architecture without any performance degradation. In addition, the power consumption can be minimized by reducing the total number of memory accesses for updated messages.