Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Journal of Physics B Atomic and Molecular Physics

Intensity correlations in resonance fluorescence from coupled two-level atoms

Marco Wiegand

Published Apr 14, 1983• 10 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The normalised intensity correlation function of resonance fluorescence radiation from two-level atoms is studied in various respects. In the first part of the paper the author discusses only interference effects for several uncoupled, linearly arranged, atoms. It is shown that, depending on the distance between the atoms, the direction of observation and the strength of the driving field, an antibunching effect as well as a very big bunching effect may be observed. In the second part of the paper he studies for the case of two atoms and weak external fields the influence of the interaction between the atoms by means of a perturbation theory. It is shown that the coupling between the atoms strongly modifies the normalised intensity correlation function in comparison with the case of uncoupled atoms. He takes as the driving field a coherent external field as well as laser light and thermal light.

DOI
10.1088/0022-3700/16/7/007

Related papers

Power Broadening and Two-photon Correlations in Two-atom Resonance Fluorescence

Thomas Richter

The cooperative resonance fluorescence radiation from two atoms separated by an arbitrary distance and driven by a coherent laser field is studied, taking into account the dipole-dipole near-field interaction. The steady-state total scattering intensity, as a function of laser frequency and field strength, differs considerably from the single-atom one for sufficiently small distances. Photon bunching and antibunching occur in the scattered radiation depending on the laser frequency. Practically a full antibunching effect is found, especially if the laser is tuned to resonance with a transition frequency of the two-atom system. This is in contrast to a recent result of Agarwal et al., who studied the two-atom system but neglected the frequency splitting due to the dipole-dipole near-field interaction.

Optica Acta International Journal of Optics•Mar 1, 1982•25 citations

Collective atomic effects in resonance fluorescence

G. S. Agarwal, A. C. Brown, Lorenzo M. Narducci +1 more

We suggest that the statistical properties of the scattered radiation in resonance-fluorescence experiments may be affected significantly by the existence of atomic correlations. The scattered light spectrum from two- and three-atom collective systems has been calculated and compared with the one-atom spectrum. The differences are quite significant for weak fields, but become less pronounced as the intensity of the driving field is increased. In addition, we have calculated the scattered intensity correlation function for collectively interacting systems, and found that its behavior is very different from that of the single-atom intensity correlation function, both for weak and strong incident fields. The implications of our findings for the observation of photon antibunching are also discussed.

Physical Review A•Apr 1, 1977•159 citations

Resonance fluorescence with squeezed-light excitation

Reeta Vyas, Surendra Singh

Resonance fluorescence from a single two-level atom driven by a beam of squeezed light is studied in the weak-field limit. We consider the situation where the atom is coupled to the ordinary vacuum and only a few field modes corresponding to the driving field are squeezed. The field produced by the degenerate optical parametric oscillator is used as the driving field. Heisenberg equations of motion are solved in the steady-state and analytic expressions for the fluorescent-light intensity and the spectrum of fluorescent light are derived. We also consider photon statistics of fluorescent light. In particular, squeezing, antibunching, and sub-Poissonian statistics of fluorescent photons are discussed, and analytic expressions for the quadrature variance and the two-time intensity correlation function are presented. Contrary to the case of coherent excitation, the second-order intensity correlation function does not factorize. This and other differences are discussed, and curves are presented to illustrate the behavior of various quantities. We also present results for thermal excitation of the atom.

Physical Review A•Jun 1, 1992•33 citations

Resonance fluorescence with squeezed light excitation

Reeta Vyas, Surendra Singh

Resonance fluorescence from a single two-level atom driven by a beam of squeezed light is studied in the weak field limit. We consider the situation where the atom is coupled to the ordinary vacuum and only a few field modes corresponding to the driving field are squeezed. The field produced by the degenerate optical parametric oscillator is used as the driving field. This driving field can be described in terms of two real independent Gaussian processes. Heisenberg equations of motion are solved in the steady-state, and analytic expressions for the fluorescent light intensity and the spectrum of fluorescent light are derived. We also consider photon statistics of fluorescent light. In particular, squeezing, antibunching, and sub-Poissonian statistics of fluorescent photons are discussed and analytic expressions for the quadrature variance and the two-time intensity correlation function are presented. Contrary to the case of coherent excitation the second-order intensity correlation function does not factorize.

Annual Meeting Optical Society of America•Jan 1, 1991•0 citations

Coherently controlled emission from two atoms dressed via a standing wave laser field

N. A. Enaki, Nelly Ciobanu, Miguel Orszag

The influence of the standing wave amplitude on the resonance fluorescence of a three-level system of radiators is discussed. Great attention is devoted to the peculiarities of dressed states in the standing wave and the exchange integrals between two atoms situated in the anti-nodes or the nodes. The correlation functions of emitted photons at two dressed frequencies were obtained. It is shown that in the case when the distance between two atoms is smaller than the wavelength of the field, the emitted photons are strongly correlated. As was observed, for large values of laser field intensity, the control of spontaneous emission is possible at two frequencies as well as the atom–atom interaction process. The dependence of the fluorescent light spectrum as a function of the position of two atoms dressed in the standing wave is investigated.

Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•Oct 12, 2011•3 citations

Theory of Resonance Fluorescence from Vibronic Systems

K.‐E. Süsse, W. Vogel, D.‐G. Welsch

The problem of resonant interaction between an electromagnetic radiation field and a vibronic system, such as a molecule or a localized electronphonon system, is considered. The vibronic coupling is assumed to result from displaced and distorted potential energy surfaces for the vibrational motion in the electronic quantum states involved in the resonant interaction with the radiation field. Furthermore, the vibrational energy relaxation is taken into account without assumptions about Markovian-type relaxation. In order to study correlation properties of higher than second order in the electric field strength of the light emitted a method of calculation of the expectation value of an arbitrary product combination of effective time evolution operators of the vibronic system is developed. The calculations are performed by utilizing Feynman's disentangling and operator ordering techniques and yield closed solutions in the low-temperature limit. The theory is used for studying the intensity and the normally ordered intensity correlation function of the resonance fluorescence light from a two-atom molecule excited by a relatively weak laser field, which undergoes phase fluctuations. It is shown that the vibronic coupling can give rise to an anticorrelation effect which is substantially stronger than in the case of resonance fluorescence from an atom. For the case of small vibrational damping a general formula which directly connects the asymptotic long-time behaviour of the normalized intensity correlation function with the vibrational relaxation in the molecule is deduced. It should be convenient for the determination of very small vibrational decay rates.

Physica Scripta•Sep 1, 1983•5 citations
The normalised intensity correlation function of resonance fluorescence radiation from two-level atoms is studied in various respects. In the first part of the paper the author discusses only interference effects for several uncoupled, linearly arranged, atoms. It is shown that, depending on the distance between the atoms, the direction of observation and the strength of the driving field, an antibunching effect as well as a very big bunching effect may be observed. In the second part of the paper he studies for the case of two atoms and weak external fields the influence of the interaction between the atoms by means of a perturbation theory. It is shown that the coupling between the atoms strongly modifies the normalised intensity correlation function in comparison with the case of uncoupled atoms. He takes as the driving field a coherent external field as well as laser light and thermal light.
The cooperative resonance fluorescence radiation from two atoms separated by an arbitrary distance and driven by a coherent laser field is studied, taking into account the dipole-dipole near-field interaction. The steady-state total scattering intensity, as a function of laser frequency and field strength, differs considerably from the single-atom one for sufficiently small distances. Photon bunching and antibunching occur in the scattered radiation depending on the laser frequency. Practically a full antibunching effect is found, especially if the laser is tuned to resonance with a transition frequency of the two-atom system. This is in contrast to a recent result of Agarwal et al., who studied the two-atom system but neglected the frequency splitting due to the dipole-dipole near-field interaction.
We suggest that the statistical properties of the scattered radiation in resonance-fluorescence experiments may be affected significantly by the existence of atomic correlations. The scattered light spectrum from two- and three-atom collective systems has been calculated and compared with the one-atom spectrum. The differences are quite significant for weak fields, but become less pronounced as the intensity of the driving field is increased. In addition, we have calculated the scattered intensity correlation function for collectively interacting systems, and found that its behavior is very different from that of the single-atom intensity correlation function, both for weak and strong incident fields. The implications of our findings for the observation of photon antibunching are also discussed.
Resonance fluorescence from a single two-level atom driven by a beam of squeezed light is studied in the weak-field limit. We consider the situation where the atom is coupled to the ordinary vacuum and only a few field modes corresponding to the driving field are squeezed. The field produced by the degenerate optical parametric oscillator is used as the driving field. Heisenberg equations of motion are solved in the steady-state and analytic expressions for the fluorescent-light intensity and the spectrum of fluorescent light are derived. We also consider photon statistics of fluorescent light. In particular, squeezing, antibunching, and sub-Poissonian statistics of fluorescent photons are discussed, and analytic expressions for the quadrature variance and the two-time intensity correlation function are presented. Contrary to the case of coherent excitation, the second-order intensity correlation function does not factorize. This and other differences are discussed, and curves are presented to illustrate the behavior of various quantities. We also present results for thermal excitation of the atom.
Resonance fluorescence from a single two-level atom driven by a beam of squeezed light is studied in the weak field limit. We consider the situation where the atom is coupled to the ordinary vacuum and only a few field modes corresponding to the driving field are squeezed. The field produced by the degenerate optical parametric oscillator is used as the driving field. This driving field can be described in terms of two real independent Gaussian processes. Heisenberg equations of motion are solved in the steady-state, and analytic expressions for the fluorescent light intensity and the spectrum of fluorescent light are derived. We also consider photon statistics of fluorescent light. In particular, squeezing, antibunching, and sub-Poissonian statistics of fluorescent photons are discussed and analytic expressions for the quadrature variance and the two-time intensity correlation function are presented. Contrary to the case of coherent excitation the second-order intensity correlation function does not factorize.
The influence of the standing wave amplitude on the resonance fluorescence of a three-level system of radiators is discussed. Great attention is devoted to the peculiarities of dressed states in the standing wave and the exchange integrals between two atoms situated in the anti-nodes or the nodes. The correlation functions of emitted photons at two dressed frequencies were obtained. It is shown that in the case when the distance between two atoms is smaller than the wavelength of the field, the emitted photons are strongly correlated. As was observed, for large values of laser field intensity, the control of spontaneous emission is possible at two frequencies as well as the atom–atom interaction process. The dependence of the fluorescent light spectrum as a function of the position of two atoms dressed in the standing wave is investigated.
The problem of resonant interaction between an electromagnetic radiation field and a vibronic system, such as a molecule or a localized electronphonon system, is considered. The vibronic coupling is assumed to result from displaced and distorted potential energy surfaces for the vibrational motion in the electronic quantum states involved in the resonant interaction with the radiation field. Furthermore, the vibrational energy relaxation is taken into account without assumptions about Markovian-type relaxation. In order to study correlation properties of higher than second order in the electric field strength of the light emitted a method of calculation of the expectation value of an arbitrary product combination of effective time evolution operators of the vibronic system is developed. The calculations are performed by utilizing Feynman's disentangling and operator ordering techniques and yield closed solutions in the low-temperature limit. The theory is used for studying the intensity and the normally ordered intensity correlation function of the resonance fluorescence light from a two-atom molecule excited by a relatively weak laser field, which undergoes phase fluctuations. It is shown that the vibronic coupling can give rise to an anticorrelation effect which is substantially stronger than in the case of resonance fluorescence from an atom. For the case of small vibrational damping a general formula which directly connects the asymptotic long-time behaviour of the normalized intensity correlation function with the vibrational relaxation in the molecule is deduced. It should be convenient for the determination of very small vibrational decay rates.