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IEEE Signal Processing Magazine

Quantum signal processing

Yonina C. Eldar, Alan V. Oppenheim

Published Nov 1, 2002• 206 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this article we present a signal processing framework that we refer to as quantum signal processing (QSP) (Eldar 2001) that is aimed at developing new or modifying existing signal processing algorithms by borrowing from the principles of quantum mechanics and some of its interesting axioms and constraints. However, in contrast to such fields as quantum computing and quantum information theory, it does not inherently depend on the physics associated with quantum mechanics. Consequently, in developing the QSP framework we are free to impose quantum mechanical constraints that we find useful and to avoid those that are not. This framework provides a unifying conceptual structure for a variety of traditional processing techniques and a precise mathematical setting for developing generalizations and extensions of algorithms, leading to a potentially useful paradigm for signal processing with applications in areas including frame theory, quantization and sampling methods, detection, parameter estimation, covariance shaping, and multiuser wireless communication systems. We present a general overview of the key elements in quantum physics that provide the basis for the QSP framework and an indication of the key results that have so far been developed within this framework. In the remainder of the article, we elaborate on the various elements in this figure.

DOI
10.1109/msp.2002.1043298

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In this article we present a signal processing framework that we refer to as quantum signal processing (QSP) (Eldar 2001) that is aimed at developing new or modifying existing signal processing algorithms by borrowing from the principles of quantum mechanics and some of its interesting axioms and constraints. However, in contrast to such fields as quantum computing and quantum information theory, it does not inherently depend on the physics associated with quantum mechanics. Consequently, in developing the QSP framework we are free to impose quantum mechanical constraints that we find useful and to avoid those that are not. This framework provides a unifying conceptual structure for a variety of traditional processing techniques and a precise mathematical setting for developing generalizations and extensions of algorithms, leading to a potentially useful paradigm for signal processing with applications in areas including frame theory, quantization and sampling methods, detection, parameter estimation, covariance shaping, and multiuser wireless communication systems. We present a general overview of the key elements in quantum physics that provide the basis for the QSP framework and an indication of the key results that have so far been developed within this framework. In the remainder of the article, we elaborate on the various elements in this figure.
Quantum Signal Processing (QSP) emerges as a groundbreaking paradigm, exploiting the principles of quantum mechanics to revolutionize the analysis, manipulation, and interpretation of signals. This paper introduces a novel framework for QSP, delineating its theoretical foundations and potential to surpass classical signal processing capabilities. The research delves into the development of quantum algorithms that exhibit superior efficiency in the frequency domain analysis and the processing of temporally entangled signal structures. A pivotal aspect of this work is the introduction of quantum Fourier transforms as a mechanism to achieve exponential speed-ups in signal decomposition. Furthermore, the paper explores the implementation of quantum error correction techniques to enhance the robustness of signal processing in the presence of quantum noise and decoherence. The practicality of QSP is demonstrated through simulated quantum circuits, providing a blueprint for future quantum computing hardware applications. The implications of this research are profound, suggesting a transformative impact on fields ranging from secure communications to biomedical imaging. By harnessing the entanglement and superposition properties inherent to quantum systems, QSP is poised to redefine the limits of what is computationally feasible within information processing.
Making sense of the world happens through receiving and processing signals, whether it be sound, light, or other waves that interact with us. The fields of nuclear magnetic resonance and digital signal processing each built a rigorous language for manipulating and extracting information from signals of particular types. Quantum signal processing (QSP) connects these two traditions, providing a unified algebraic framework for understanding how quantum systems are transformed by both classical and quantum signals. QSP provides a systematic framework for characterizing possible transformations. QSP was developed for qubit systems, but physical quantum systems are rarely two-level and the full richness of high-dimensional Hilbert spaces has remained largely unexplored. This thesis extends and applies QSP in two directions: from qubits to high-dimensional systems such as finite-level qudits and infinite-dimensional oscillators and from static signals to signals that include continuous-time noise processes. We will also show how QSP for qudits leads to novel experimental applications in trapped-ion systems. One type of high-dimensional system is a qubit coupled to an oscillator, and a qubit-oscillator qudit can be formed and universally controlled using only a limited set of interactions. In this qubit-oscillator space, a bosonic version of QSP allows novel incarnations of quantum algorithms and sensing. The quantum Fourier transform can be performed by clever conversion of information in a many-qubit system into a single oscillator, and an interferometric protocol uses binary decisions from a qubit to sense a signal affecting the oscillator. Another type of high-dimensional system is a qudit made from the electronic levels of an atom. This thesis presents a new construction of Grover’s algorithm using a qudit in an atomic hyperfine manifold, along with a calibration method that finds accurate QSP pulse parameters for the experiment. For decision algorithms, QSP in qudits enables theoretically perfect decision-making for quantum channel discrimination problems with certain symmetries. In the face of noise, temporal QSP is developed to extend the canonical framework to continuous-time stochastic noise. Combined with Kubo linear-response theory, a noise filter function description emerges which formalizes the optimization of atomic clock performance. These results from qudit, bosonic, and temporal QSP establish QSP as a natural language for high-dimensional quantum control and sensing.
Quantum Signal Processing (QSP) represents a paradigm shift in signal processing, leveraging the unique properties of quantum mechanics to achieve novel optimization and enhancement techniques. This paper introduces a novel QSP algorithm employing quantum entanglement to guide signal manipulation and extraction. We propose a framework where quantum entanglement is utilized to optimize the energy and phase of a signal, thereby enhancing its extraction capabilities. The core mechanism hinges on exploiting the topological properties of entangled states, allowing for the creation of intricate feedback loops and dynamic adjustment of signal parameters. Our investigation demonstrates the potential of this approach to surpass traditional methods in terms of signal fidelity, robustness, and efficiency. This work explores the design and implementation of a QSP algorithm focused on signal optimization, highlighting the advantages of quantum entanglement within the framework of signal processing.
Aim: To examine the strengthening of cyber defense using Quantum Signal Processing. Significance of Study: There is need for the application of Quantum Signal Processing in cyber security due to the vulnerable attack. This paper addresses the relevant issues on the use of Quantum Signal Processing in strengthening cyber defense. Problem Statement: The development of cyber space and its inestimable contribution in information dissemination has led to its wide patronage and usage. Thus, third party are intruding to hijack and hack secretive information to suite their own purpose. Discussion: The concepts of Quantum Signal Processing (QSP) and cyber defense were examined. It was revealed that the measurement of Quantum Signal Processing is strongly involved in signal processing of algorithms design with significance to QSP framework such that in this framework, the processing of signals occur via the utilization of some Quantum Signal Processing measurement variables or subjecting them to a Quantum Signal Processing measurement. Also, the QSP framework is primarily assigned with the quantum physics constraints, QSP measurement design, a quantum measurement, borrowing from the principles, and axioms. Nonetheless, the measurement consistency principle, measurement concept and quantization of the measurement output principle were identified as the three interconnected fundamental principles of quantum mechanics in Quantum Signal Processing. The existing correlation between QSP framework and quantum physics together with relevant key results were also examined. was also discussed with major Considerations were given to modification of known algorithms, measurement parameters utilization, probabilistic mappings, imposition of inner product constraints and oblique projections as the algorithm design in quantum signal processing framework. Conclusion: In conclusion, Quantum Signal Processing is applicable in strengthening cyber defense.
Realizing coherent quantum computation requires precise and robust manipulation of quantum systems through quantum control protocols. Most quantum control techniques rely on heuristic methods for designing the driving pulses that steer the system towards a target state. Such methods are often based on brute-force optimization and offer limited understanding of the solution landscape. In contrast, quantum algorithms offer a rich body of analytical methods with rigorous error guarantees for implementing unitary and non-unitary transformations, which suggests a promising direction for developing new approaches to quantum control. Among various such algorithms, quantum signal processing (QSP) has emerged as a powerful framework for quantum algorithm design, implementation, and optimization. However, its potential for quantum control remains largely unexplored. In this work, we establish QSP-Control, an analytical framework for quantum control of qubit-oscillator dynamics. We focus on dispersively coupled qubit-oscillator systems and employ the QSP formalism to mitigate unwanted nonlinear effects arising from cross-Kerr interactions. In addition, we develop constructions for precise manipulation of Fock states by designing Fock-state-selective operators, based on structural parallels between the Jaynes-Cummings interaction and QSP. These findings demonstrate how several practically relevant problems in quantum control can be mapped to forms amenable to QSP, offering both a systematic design framework and an interpretable perspective on quantum control.
Quantum Signal Processing (QSP) offers a paradigm shift in signal analysis, leveraging the unique properties of quantum mechanics to achieve unprecedented precision and resilience. This paper investigates the development of a novel adaptive robust QSP algorithm designed to withstand noise and perturbations while dynamically adjusting processing strategies to accommodate environmental changes. The core mechanism centers on the integration of quantum error correction and the dynamic interplay between quantum states, allowing the system to maintain accurate signal extraction even under challenging conditions. We present a detailed analysis of the algorithm's design, demonstrating its effectiveness through theoretical analysis and preliminary experimental validation. The research highlights the significant advantages of this approach compared to traditional methods, emphasizing its potential to revolutionize a broad spectrum of signal processing applications.