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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Quantum network addressing method and expandable quantum router

Zheng‐Fu Han, Xiaofan Mo, Tao Zhang, Wei Chen, Guang‐Can Guo

Published May 5, 2006• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In the paper, the foundation requirement of a quantum key distribution network is described. According to the requirement, a kind of star topology quantum key distribution network is introduced. The core of this quantum network is a "router" which is composed of less than N wavelength division multiplexers. Based on the "router", a four nodes quantum key distribution network has been set up, the measurement results shown us that it is suitable for simple purpose of quantum key distribution over many users and the crosstalk is weak enough.

DOI
10.1117/12.665487

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In the paper, the foundation requirement of a quantum key distribution network is described. According to the requirement, a kind of star topology quantum key distribution network is introduced. The core of this quantum network is a "router" which is composed of less than N wavelength division multiplexers. Based on the "router", a four nodes quantum key distribution network has been set up, the measurement results shown us that it is suitable for simple purpose of quantum key distribution over many users and the crosstalk is weak enough.
Quantum key distribution (QKD) network has recently attracted growing attentions. Due to the special characteristics of quantum information, to build a full-connectivity QKD network without trusted relays is a stimulating challenge. In this letter, we report on the first realization of QKD network without trusted relays which covers metropolis in the commercial backbone optical fiber networks. The star topology four-user QKD network automatically addresses the quantum signal with a quantum router (QR) and every user in the network can receive and distribute quantum keys to any others simultaneously. The longest and the shortest length of fibers between two geographically separated nodes are 42.6km and 32km respectively, and the maximum average quantum bit error rate (QBER) is below 8%. This result opens a new possibility for the use of QKD into existing network.
This paper investigates the mathematical model of the quantum wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) network based on the entanglement distribution with the least required wavelengths and passive devices. By adequately utilizing wavelength multiplexers, demultiplexers, and star couplers, N wavelengths are enough to distribute the entanglement among each pair of N users. Moreover, the number of devices employed is reduced by substituting a waveguide grating router for multiplexers and demultiplexers. Furthermore, this study examines implementing the BBM92 quantum key distribution in an entangled-based quantum WDM network. The proposed scheme in this paper may be applied to potential applications such as teleportation in entangled-based quantum WDM networks.
Most traditional applications of quantum cryptography are point-to-point communications, in which only two users can exchange keys. In this letter, we present a network scheme that enable quantum key distribution between multi-user with wavelength addressing. Considering the current state of wavelength division multiplexing technique, dozens or hundreds of users can be connected to such a network and directly exchange keys with each other. With the scheme, a 4-user demonstration network was built up and key exchanges were performed.
We propose a new system of a continuous variable quantum key distribution via a wavelength router in the optical networks. A large bandwidth signal is generated by a soliton pulse propagating within the micro ring resonator, which is allowed to form the continuous wavelength with large tunable channel capacity. Two forms of soliton pulses are generated and localized, i.e. temporal and spatial solitons. The required information can be transmitted via the spatial soliton while the continuous variable quantum key distribution is formed by using the temporal one. This is formed by using an optical add/drop multiplexer incorporated in the optical network, where the localized soliton pulses are available for add/drop signals to/from the optical network. The high security and capacity information can be performed. Keywords: Wavelength router, quantum router, quantum network, high capacity network