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JSAP-OSA Joint Symposia

Arbitrary Ratio Three Waveguide Beam Splitter using Shortcuts to Adiabaticity

Yu-Chen Chuang, Shuo‐Yen Tseng

Published Jan 1, 2014• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

One of the most fundamental devices for integrated optics is the beam splitter, which is often realized with a directional coupler. However, it is well known that the robustness of such devices against wavelength and/or fabrication parameter variations is limited. Three waveguide couplers based on the quantum-optical analogy of the stimulated Raman Adiabatic Passage (STIRAP) protocol have emerged as a promising solution to the aforementioned issues of device robustness [1, 2]. The tradeoff is that the adiabatic devices are generally longer than their non-adiabatic counterparts. Recently, devices using shortcuts to adiabaticity [3] have been shown to provide alternative robust beam coupling as the adiabatic devices, but at a shorter device length [4]. In this paper, we use the invariant-based inverse engineering [5] to realize a short and robust arbitrary splitting ratio three waveguide beam splitter.

DOI
10.1364/jsap.2014.20a_c1_5

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One of the most fundamental devices for integrated optics is the beam splitter, which is often realized with a directional coupler. However, it is well known that the robustness of such devices against wavelength and/or fabrication parameter variations is limited. Three waveguide couplers based on the quantum-optical analogy of the stimulated Raman Adiabatic Passage (STIRAP) protocol have emerged as a promising solution to the aforementioned issues of device robustness [1, 2]. The tradeoff is that the adiabatic devices are generally longer than their non-adiabatic counterparts. Recently, devices using shortcuts to adiabaticity [3] have been shown to provide alternative robust beam coupling as the adiabatic devices, but at a shorter device length [4]. In this paper, we use the invariant-based inverse engineering [5] to realize a short and robust arbitrary splitting ratio three waveguide beam splitter.
A novel design for complete transfer and robust three-waveguide coupler is presented in this paper, which employs shortcut to adiabaticity (STA) based on stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP). Most recently, some remarkable papers on STA of STIRAP [Phys. Rev. A 94(6), 063411 (2016) and Nat. Comm. 7, 12479 (2016)] have been proposed in both theoretical and experimental configurations. In this paper, we propose to design a novel three-waveguide coupler by employing STA based on STIRAP, which can achieve much shorter device length and also maintain the robust performance against perturbations on device geometry parameters compared to previous devices. This finding significantly improves the performance and fabrication of integrated optical devices to build up more compactable devices.
Abstract In this work, we introduce a quantum-mechanical shortcut-to-adiabatic passage (STAP) into the design of multiple beam splitter. The device consists of one input and N output waveguide (WG) channels, which are connected via a mediator WG. After reducing such (N + 2)-WG structure into a controllable 3-WG counterpart by Morris-Shore transformation, we point out that the structure is available for all possible three-level STAP methods. By implementing one of them which does not require additional couplings, we can achieve the multiple beam splitting with arbitrary ratios among the N outputs. What is more, the device length is significantly shortened. Except for this, it is quite unique that the design exhibits a one-way energy transport. The underlying physics is presented. These features may have profound impacts on exploring quantum technologies for promoting advanced optical devices.
Abstract We discuss in this paper the optical analog to rapid adiabatic passage (RAP) and two-state stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) in coupled waveguides with nonlinearity. With the increase of the power of light propagating in waveguides, the nonlinearity can significantly prevent the two adiabatic passages from being successfully simulated. Nevertheless, we find that the negative role of the nonlinearity can be avoided under the assistance of the method of resonance-locked inverse engineering. The method implies redesigning the longitudinally varying detuning of the propagation constants. We further point out that the variation of the detuning does not have to be exactly the same as what the method suggests. As long as the detuning has similar trend to what the method shows, the RAP and two-state STIRAP can still be realized in nonlinear waveguides. This makes the waveguide structure more simpler. Based on our study, the applications of two-state adiabatic passages in designing directional couplers and beam splitters are extended from linear to nonlinear waveguides.
A variable achromatic optical beam splitter with one input and NNN output waveguide channels is introduced. The physical mechanism of this multiple beam splitter is adiabatic passage of light between neighboring optical waveguides in a fashion reminiscent of the technique of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage in quantum physics. The input and output waveguides are coupled via a mediator waveguide and the ratios of the light intensities in the output channels are controlled by the couplings of the respective waveguides to the mediator waveguide. Due to its adiabatic nature the beam splitting efficiency is robust to variations in the experimental parameters.
Abstract We investigate the adiabatic evolution of light in nonlinear waveguide couplers via resonance-locked inverse engineering based on stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP). The longitudinal varying propagation coefficients of the waveguides are designed to eliminate dynamically the nonlinear effect, which induce the non-adiabatic oscillations. We show that different light evolutions such as complete light transfer, light split and light return can be realized adiabatically with appropriate choices of the detunings even in the nonlinear regime. The features open new opportunities for the realization of all-optical nonlinear devices with high fidelity in integrated optics.
Abstract We propose a novel waveguide polarization splitter based on the optical analogue of two-photon Rabi oscillations and stimulated Raman adiabatic passage in a three waveguide directional coupler. Both these processes are borrowed from three level quantum mechanical atomic systems, in which an intermediate level is used to transfer the population from one state to another without any population occupation in the intermediate level. To show the practical feasibility of the device, simulations have been carried out on waveguides in lithium niobate and we show that two orthogonal polarizations can be separated at the output using the proposed three waveguide structures. We also show that the proposed structure is robust against changes in phase mismatch parameters, as well as wavelength of operation.