海森堡不确定性原理的来源: 物理世界的无限维结构与其数学呈现; The Origin of Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle: The Infinite-Dimensional Structure of the Physical World and Its Mathematical Representation
ming Cheng
本文从物理本体论出发,提出海森堡不确定性原理的统一结构性解释。量子态具有波动性、非局域性与相干性,其本体论结构天然呈现为不可数无限维的函数空间。无限维结构在数学上以希尔伯特空间、乘法与微分算符的非对易性、傅里叶变换的展宽性质以及辛几何的最小相空间面积等形式表现出来。 本文提出不确定性原理的四层结构根源:代数层的有限维不可能性、分析层的无限维不对易性、函数层的傅里叶展宽必然性、以及几何层的辛结构不可压缩性。最终揭示:不确定性原理不是数学形式的偶然产物,而是物理世界无限维结构在数学中的必然呈现。 This work develops a unified ontological account of the origin of Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. Quantum states possess wave-like, nonlocal, and coherent properties, and their intrinsic structure is that of an uncountably infinite-dimensional function space. This infinite-dimensional nature manifests mathematically through Hilbert space, the non-commutativity of multiplication and differentiation operators, the Fourier-induced broadening between position and momentum, and the symplectic geometry of phase space with its minimal area elements. The paper identifies four structural roots of the uncertainty principle: (1) the algebraic impossibility of realizing canonical commutation relations in finite dimensions, (2) the analytic necessity of non-commutativity in infinite dimensions, (3) the functional necessity of Fourier broadening, and (4) the geometric necessity of symplectic incompressibility. The uncertainty principle thus emerges not as a mathematical artifact, but as the natural mathematical expression of the infinite-dimensional structure of the physical world. This work proposes a unified structural and ontological framework for understanding the uncertainty principle, integrating algebraic, analytic, functional, and geometric layers into a single explanatory chain.
•Mar 2, 2026•0 citations