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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Gain of the spin wave stored in a four-level atomic system

Zhengfeng Hu, Jingda Lin, Jianliao Deng, Huijuan He, Yuzhu Wang

Published Dec 15, 2011• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We theoretically showed that the spin wave stored in an atomic system can obtain gain when a microwave field is applied to the atomic system to modify the coherence of the ground states. In this way, the storage time of the spin wave can be prolonged and the system may be used in quantum information processing and atomic frequency standards.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/45/1/015506

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We theoretically showed that the spin wave stored in an atomic system can obtain gain when a microwave field is applied to the atomic system to modify the coherence of the ground states. In this way, the storage time of the spin wave can be prolonged and the system may be used in quantum information processing and atomic frequency standards.
We have theoretically investigated the phase shift of a probe field for a four-level atomic system interacting successively with two fields tuned near an EIT resonance of an atom, a microwave field, and a coupling field. It has been found that the phase of retrieved signal has been shifted due to the cross-phase modulation when the stored spin wave was disturbed by a microwave. Because of the low relaxation rates of the ground hyperfine state, our proposed technique can impart a large phase rotation onto the probe field with low absorption of retrieved field and very low intensity of the microwave field.
A four-level N-type cold atomic system is proposed for optimizing images storage based on the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Both analytical analysis and numerical simulation clearly show that the application, during the storage time, of an additional intensity-modulated signal field and an additional microwave field can impose an intensity and a phase-dependent factors on the atomic spin coherence in a controlled manner, then the amplitude of the retrieved images can be increased or decreased with an enhancement in the visibility. Our results are very promising for the realization of all-optical information processing of images coherently stored in EIT media in the future.
A four-level atomic system with a closed interaction loop connected by two coherent driving fields and a microwave field is investigated. The results show that inversionless gain can be achieved on a higher frequency transition outside the closed interaction loop, and the gain behaviour can be modulated by the phase of the closed loop as well as the amplitude of the microwave field. The phase sensitivity property in such a scheme is similar to that in an analogous configuration with spontaneously generated coherence, but it is beyond the rigorous condition of near-degenerate levels with non-orthogonal dipole moments. Therefore this scheme is much more convenient in experimental realization.
It has been shown that an inhomogeneously broadened optical transition shaped into an atomic frequency comb can store a large number of temporal modes of the electromagnetic field at the single-photon level without the need to increase the optical depth of the storage material. The readout of light modes is made efficient thanks to the rephasing of the optical-wavelength coherence similar to photon-echo-type techniques, and the reemission time is given by the comb structure. For on-demand readout and long storage times, two control fields are used to transfer the optical coherence back and forth into a spin wave. Here, we present a detailed analysis of the spin-wave storage based on chirped adiabatic control fields. In particular, we verify that chirped fields require significantly weaker intensities than $\ensuremath{\pi}$ pulses. The price to pay is a reduction of the multimode storage capacity that we quantify for realistic material parameters associated with solids doped with rare-earth-metal ions.
A quantum memory at microwave frequencies, able to store the state of multiple superconducting qubits for long times, is a key element for quantum information processing. Electronic and nuclear spins are natural candidates for the storage medium as their coherence time can be well above one second. Benefiting from these long coherence times requires to apply the refocusing techniques used in magnetic resonance, a major challenge in the context of hybrid quantum circuits. Here we report the first implementation of such a scheme, using ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centres in diamond coupled to a superconducting resonator, in a setup compatible with superconducting qubit technology. We implement the active reset of the NV spins into their ground state by optical pumping and their refocusing by Hahn echo sequences. This enables the storage of multiple microwave pulses at the picoWatt level and their retrieval after up to 35μ35 μ35μs, a three orders of magnitude improvement compared to previous experiments.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) techniques are important tools for the storage of the quantum states of light fields in atomic ensembles and for enhancement of the interaction between photons. In this paper, we briefly summarize the recent experimental studies conducted by our group on enhanced cross-phase modulation based on double EIT effects, the quantum interference of stored dual-channel spin-wave excitations and the coherent manipulation of the spin wave vector for the polarization of photons in a single tripod atomic system. The work presented here has potential application in the developing field of quantum information processing.