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Physical Review A

Electric-field-induced resonances in the photoionization of excited krypton

Wallace L. Glab, G. Barry Hillard, Munir Hasan Nayfeh

Published Dec 1, 1983• 13 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have observed electric-field-induced resonances riding on a strong autoionizing resonance in the photoionization of excited krypton. We measured the variation of the spacings and strengths of the resonances as a function of their quantum numbers. Our results indicate that up to 3.5 kV/cm, the Stark interaction and the non-Coulombic short-range interaction leading to the autoionizing structure are independent.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.28.3682

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We have observed electric-field-induced resonances riding on a strong autoionizing resonance in the photoionization of excited krypton. We measured the variation of the spacings and strengths of the resonances as a function of their quantum numbers. Our results indicate that up to 3.5 kV/cm, the Stark interaction and the non-Coulombic short-range interaction leading to the autoionizing structure are independent.
We report the first observation of significant perturbations by external fields of the autoionizing resonance structure of a two-electron atoms. The effects of electric fields up to 20 kV/cm on autoionizing resonances in Sri were observed by three-photon ionization spectroscopy in an atomic beam. In addition to effects analogous to those for bound Stark states of a one-electron Rydberg atom, we observed a new effect: The characteristic shapes and widths of autoionizing resonances (Fano-Beutler profiles) can be strongly influenced by electric fields.
The relative photoionization cross section of ground-state Rb is measured near threshold as a function of applied electric field strength. The cross section is found to have a wavelength-dependent resonance structure that changes with the strength of the electric field. This resonance structure is observed not only for energies above the classical field ionization limit, but for the case of $\ensuremath{\pi}$ excitation, beyond the zero-field ionization limit as well. An analysis of the data is presented that connects the concepts of "strong-field mixing" and the perturbation calculations of the energies of hydrogenic Stark components.
The first detailed observation of the perturbations by an electric field of the Rydberg autoionizing resonances of a rare-gas atom is reported. The Stark spectroscopy of autoionizing Rydberg states converging to the second ionization limit $4{p}^{5}^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}^{o}$ in Kr I is performed in an atomic beam with the use of a two-step laser excitation from the 4p55s[32]204{p}^{5}5s{[\frac{3}{2}]}_{2}^{0}4p55s[23​]20​ metastable state. In addition to the verification of the ${({n}^{*})}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ dependence of the zero-field width of two autoionizing series and of the linear dependence of the Stark-manifold splittings with the electric field, we have observed an (n)0.7{(n)}^{0.7}(n)0.7 law for the dependence of the Stark-manifold splitting along the series, an important narrowing and dissymmetrization of the $n{d}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ resonances, and a nonlinear-field behavior of Stark-manifold components in the vicinity of the first anticrossing. Discussions are carried out with the use of the recent work on Rydberg-Stark spectroscopy and on autoionizing states in two-electron atoms.
Electron energy spectra from multiphoton ionization of krypton with 617 nm, 70 fs pulses have been recorded over a large intensity range. Near the appearance intensity, the spectra display Stark-induced resonances with s and d states. Up to about 8*10 13 W cm -2 , the spectra broaden and the structures are progressively washed out. Above this intensity, a strong resonance emerges, corresponding to the 4f state for which the static detuning is 2.94 eV, a value larger than the photon energy. The influence of a large static detuning and populations of excited states with shifts different from the threshold shift are discussed.
Experimental results on the photoionization spectra of excited rubidium atoms in a well-defined ml=1{m}_{l}=1ml​=1 state in the presence of an electric field are reported. Spectra corresponding to a definite polarization of the ionizing light exhibit characteristic resonances which are ascribed either to the non-Coulombic part of the central potential or to the spin-orbit interaction. The different line profiles are interpreted as being due to interferences between discrete states and continua, the observed structures depending directly on the density of oscillator strengths and not simply on the density of continuum states.
Laser investigation of the photoionization spectra in the presence of an electric field has been performed in $\ensuremath{\pi}$ and $\ensuremath{\sigma}$ polarizations on an ytterbium atomic beam from the particular level 4f146s7s1S04{f}^{14}6s7s^{1}S_{0}4f146s7s1S0​ which was populated by a two-step excitation. Broad modulations (in $\ensuremath{\pi}$ polarization) and Stark resonances in the vicinity of the zero-field ionization limit are interpreted satisfactorily as in the case of alkali atoms. However, the photoionization spectra are deeply affected by the presence of two perturbing levels belonging to the configuration 4f135d26s4{f}^{13}5{d}^{2}6s4f135d26s. This phenomenon is explained by strong interference effects between the structured Stark continuum and the field-induced autoionizing states corresponding to the doubly excited levels.