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Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences Physics

Optimal conditions for exciting long-lived photon echo signals in impurity nanocrystals

D. D. Vlasova, А. А. Калачев

Published Dec 1, 2008• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The specific features of the formation of long-lived photon echo signals in dielectric nanocrystals doped with rare earth ions have been considered. It is shown that the optimal situation for observing long-lived photon echo signals in impurity nanocrystals is the absence of resonance between the vibrational modes of the nanomatrix and the impurity-ion electronic transitions, contributing to the spin-phonon relaxation.

DOI
10.3103/s1062873808120162

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The specific features of the formation of long-lived photon echo signals in dielectric nanocrystals doped with rare earth ions have been considered. It is shown that the optimal situation for observing long-lived photon echo signals in impurity nanocrystals is the absence of resonance between the vibrational modes of the nanomatrix and the impurity-ion electronic transitions, contributing to the spin-phonon relaxation.
The possibility of increase of the information storage time in optical memory devices based on the long-lived photon echo in rare-earth ion doped crystals provided that the latter are nanometer ones is analyzed. Taking into account that in such materials the information storage time is determined by the population lifetimes of hyperfine sublevels of a ground electron state it is possible to increase it due to the modification of phonon density of states in nanocrystals as compared to bulk crystals.
We study the photon-echo attenuation by various dynamical processes in rare-earth-ion-doped crystals. The experimental investigations concentrate on a Pr3+:Eu3+:Nd3+{\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}:{\mathrm{Eu}}^{3+}:{\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}Pr3+:Eu3+:Nd3+ codoped Y2SiO5{\mathrm{Y}}_{2}{\mathrm{SiO}}_{5}Y2​SiO5​ crystal at low temperatures. Two-pulse photon-echo intensities are measured as a function of the pulse intensities when either the Pr3+{\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}Pr3+ or the Eu3+{\mathrm{Eu}}^{3+}Eu3+ ions are excited. For the quantitative interpretation we consider primarily excitation-induced frequency shifts (EFS) by diagonal and off-diagonal interactions and show that for the systems under consideration EFS are dominated by diagonal interactions. The observed echo attenuation by EFS is compared with the predictions calculated from independent Stark-field measurements and reasonable agreement is obtained. The broadening by spin-ion interactions, by nonequilibrium phonons and the dependence of the echo attenuation on the frequency position in the inhomogeneously broadened band are further investigated.
The Duan-Lukin-Cirac-Zoller (DLCZ) scheme is a potential method to establish remote entanglements and realize large-scale quantum networks. Here we propose a DLCZ-like scheme based on the noiseless photon echo in rare-earth ion-doped crystals. Correlated photon pairs with a controllable delay can be created by the direct optical rephasing. Theoretical analysis indicates that the protocol is efficient in the low-optical-depth regime. This protocol could be feasibly implemented to establish long-lived quantum correlations between a photon and a spin-wave excitation in rare-earth ion-doped crystals.
Optical dephasing of Pr3+ and Tm3+ ions doped in transparent oxyfluoride glass ceramics was studied with the two-pulse photon echo technique. It was found that the dephasing time of rare earth ions is dramatically less in nanocrystals embedded in a glass matrix than in bulk crystals. A quasi-linear temperature dependence obtained at low temperatures proved that the long-range interaction of the ions inside the nanocrystals with the two level systems of the glass matrix dominates the optical dephasing. The local thermal effect in glass ceramics containing nanocrystals elevates the local temperature, which results in the reduction of optical dephasing time. For Tm(3+)-doped glass ceramics, the elevation of local temperature induced by the irradiation of excitation laser even quenched the photon echo signals in the experimental study.