Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Chinese Physics Letters

Generation of Multiphoton Entangled States with Linear Optical Elements

Sheng Yu-Bo, Deng Fu-Guo, Hong-Yu Zhou

Published Oct 1, 2008• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a linear optical protocol to generate three-photon and four-photon entangled states without resorting to entangled sources. The setup in this protocol is composed of three beam splitters and two half-wave plates. We can obtain three-photon and four-photon entangled states with postselection, as with other protocols. This protocol has the advantage of high efficiency and is more feasible than others.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/25/10/011

Related papers

Generation of an entangled four-photonWstate

Xu‐Bo Zou, K. Pahlke, Wolfgang M. Mathis

We present a scheme to produce an entangled four-photon W state by using linear optical elements. The symmetrical setup of linear optical elements consists of four beam splitters, four polarization beam splitters, and four mirrors. A photon Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pair and two single photons are required as the input modes. The projection on the W state can be made by a four-photon coincidence measurement. Further, we show that by means of a horizontally oriented polarizer in front of one detector, the W state of three photons can be generated.

arXiv:quant-ph/0202090•Physical Review A•Oct 22, 2002•113 citations

Multiphoton entanglement through a Bell-multiport beam splitter

Yuan Liang Lim, Almut Beige

Multiphoton entanglement is an important resource for linear optics quantum computing. Here we show that a wide range of highly entangled multiphoton states, including $W$-states, can be prepared by interfering single photons inside a Bell multiport beam splitter and using postselection. A successful state preparation is indicated by the collection of one photon per output port. An advantage of the Bell multiport beam splitter is that it redirects the photons without changing their inner degrees of freedom. The described setup can therefore be used to generate polarization, time-bin, and frequency multiphoton entanglement, even when using only a single photon source.

arXiv:quant-ph/0406047•Physical Review A•Jun 13, 2005•65 citations

Preparation of entangled states of two photons in several spatial modes

Karel Lemr, Jaromı́r Fiurášek

We describe a protocol capable of preparing an arbitrary state of two photons in several spatial modes using pairs of photons generated by spontaneous parametric down conversion, linear optical elements, and single-photon detectors or postselection. The protocol involves unitary and nonunitary transformations realizable by beam splitters and phase shifters. Nonunitary transformations are implemented by attenuation filters. The protocol contains several optimization capabilities with the goal of improving overall probability of its success. We also show how entangled two-photon states required for quantum computing with linear optics can be prepared using a very simple and feasible scheme.

arXiv:0710.0980•Physical Review A•Feb 5, 2008•18 citations

Generation of six-photon hyperentangled states

Ding Dong, Ying-Qiu He, Yan Feng-Li +1 more

Nowadays, the nonlinear optical process of spontaneous parametric down-conversion is considered as the canonical approach for creating entangled-photon pairs. We consider three pairs of entangled photons emitted by the parametric down-conversion source, and introduce a setup for evolving these photons based on linear optics, which is composed of several polarizing beam splitters, beam splitters, and half wave plates. By using the parametric down-conversion source and the setup, we carefully design an efficient scheme for preparing six-photon hyperentangled states in both the polarization and the spatial degrees of freedom. Because we use almost all possible behaviors of the three pairs of entangled photons, the present scheme is efficient for creating six-photon hyperentangled states. Next, in the regime of weak nonlinearity we design a quantum nondemolition detection to distinguish the two cases of photons in two special spatial modes. It is worth pointing out that our scheme is much easier to realize, since the strength of the nonlinearities in the process of quantum nondemolition detection can be restricted to the scalable orders of magnitude in practicality.

Acta Physica Sinica•Jan 1, 2015•6 citations

Generating entangled states of two ququarts using linear optical elements

So-Young Baek, Yoon Ho Kim

We propose linear optical schemes for generating entangled states of two ququarts (four-dimensional quantum systems) in which the single-ququart state is constructed with frequency-nondegenerate biphoton polarization states of spontaneous parametric down-conversion. We show explicitly that it is possible to generate various two-ququart entangled states by interfering two ququarts at a linear optical beam splitter (an ordinary 50-50 beam splitter, a polarizing beam splitter, or a dichroic beam splitter).

Physical Review A•Mar 29, 2007•14 citations

Controlled generation of four-photon polarization-entangled decoherence-free states with conventional photon detectors

Yan Xia, Jie Song, He‐Shan Song +1 more

We propose a protocol for the controlled generation of four-photon polarization-entangled decoherence-free states with a certain success probability. The proposed setup involves simple linear optical elements, two single-photon polarzaition entangled states, a pair of two-photon polarization entangled states, and conventional photon detectors that only distinguish the vacuum and nonvacuum Fock number states. This makes the protocol more realizable in experiments.

Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Dec 19, 2008•19 citations
We propose a linear optical protocol to generate three-photon and four-photon entangled states without resorting to entangled sources. The setup in this protocol is composed of three beam splitters and two half-wave plates. We can obtain three-photon and four-photon entangled states with postselection, as with other protocols. This protocol has the advantage of high efficiency and is more feasible than others.
We present a scheme to produce an entangled four-photon W state by using linear optical elements. The symmetrical setup of linear optical elements consists of four beam splitters, four polarization beam splitters, and four mirrors. A photon Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pair and two single photons are required as the input modes. The projection on the W state can be made by a four-photon coincidence measurement. Further, we show that by means of a horizontally oriented polarizer in front of one detector, the W state of three photons can be generated.
Multiphoton entanglement is an important resource for linear optics quantum computing. Here we show that a wide range of highly entangled multiphoton states, including WWW-states, can be prepared by interfering single photons inside a Bell multiport beam splitter and using postselection. A successful state preparation is indicated by the collection of one photon per output port. An advantage of the Bell multiport beam splitter is that it redirects the photons without changing their inner degrees of freedom. The described setup can therefore be used to generate polarization, time-bin, and frequency multiphoton entanglement, even when using only a single photon source.
We describe a protocol capable of preparing an arbitrary state of two photons in several spatial modes using pairs of photons generated by spontaneous parametric down conversion, linear optical elements, and single-photon detectors or postselection. The protocol involves unitary and nonunitary transformations realizable by beam splitters and phase shifters. Nonunitary transformations are implemented by attenuation filters. The protocol contains several optimization capabilities with the goal of improving overall probability of its success. We also show how entangled two-photon states required for quantum computing with linear optics can be prepared using a very simple and feasible scheme.
Nowadays, the nonlinear optical process of spontaneous parametric down-conversion is considered as the canonical approach for creating entangled-photon pairs. We consider three pairs of entangled photons emitted by the parametric down-conversion source, and introduce a setup for evolving these photons based on linear optics, which is composed of several polarizing beam splitters, beam splitters, and half wave plates. By using the parametric down-conversion source and the setup, we carefully design an efficient scheme for preparing six-photon hyperentangled states in both the polarization and the spatial degrees of freedom. Because we use almost all possible behaviors of the three pairs of entangled photons, the present scheme is efficient for creating six-photon hyperentangled states. Next, in the regime of weak nonlinearity we design a quantum nondemolition detection to distinguish the two cases of photons in two special spatial modes. It is worth pointing out that our scheme is much easier to realize, since the strength of the nonlinearities in the process of quantum nondemolition detection can be restricted to the scalable orders of magnitude in practicality.
We propose linear optical schemes for generating entangled states of two ququarts (four-dimensional quantum systems) in which the single-ququart state is constructed with frequency-nondegenerate biphoton polarization states of spontaneous parametric down-conversion. We show explicitly that it is possible to generate various two-ququart entangled states by interfering two ququarts at a linear optical beam splitter (an ordinary 50-50 beam splitter, a polarizing beam splitter, or a dichroic beam splitter).