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Optics Communications

Nonequilibrium phase transitions in a squeezed cavity and the generation of spin states satisfying uncertainty equality

G. S. Agarwal, Ravinder Rupchand Puri

Published Jan 1, 1989• 50 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0030-4018(89)90113-2

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SQUEEZED STATES PARAMETRIC GENERATION IN CAVITY

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•Jan 1, 1989•0 citations
We consider the dynamics of a collection of atoms interacting with a coherent field and a broadband squeezed vacuum. We obtain an exact solution of the master equation and study in detail the types of nonequilibrium steady states that can be generated. We show that in the absence of coherent drive the atoms are in a state whose properties are similar to those of the squeezed vacuum for photons. We demonstrate that the steady state for certain discrete values of the external field strength and detuning is a pure state which is the eigenstate of the non-Hermitian operator cosh(\ensuremath{\Vert}\ensuremath{\xi}\ensuremath{\Vert})${\mathit{S}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$+sinh(\ensuremath{\Vert}\ensuremath{\xi}\ensuremath{\Vert})S+{\mathit{S}}^{+}S+, where \ensuremath{\xi} is the squeezing parameter associated with the input radiation field. These eigenstates play a very fundamental role in the theory and satisfy the equality sign in the Heisenberg uncertainty relation \ensuremath{\Delta}Sx{\mathit{S}}_{\mathit{x}}Sx​ \ensuremath{\Delta}Sy{\mathit{S}}_{\mathit{y}}Sy​\ensuremath{\ge}1/2\ensuremath{\Vert}〈Sz{\mathit{S}}_{\mathit{z}}Sz​〉\ensuremath{\Vert}. We also present detailed numerical results for the characteristics of the field generated by the collective system.
We investigate phase transitions in the nonequilibrium dynamics of power-law interacting spin-1/2 bilayer XXZ models, which have recently been shown to allow generation of entanglement in the form of two-mode squeezing. We find a transition between a collective phase characterized by Heisenberg limited squeezing and a partially collective phase with scalable squeezing. We identify universal scaling of the squeezing dynamics in terms of system parameters and a divergent timescale, establishing these as distinct dynamical phases within the framework of nonequilibrium critical phenomena. Our Letter demonstrates a novel dynamical phase transition with potential applications in quantum sensing and quantum simulation in cold-atomic, molecular, or Rydberg platforms.