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Physical Review A

Laser-enhanced tunneling through resonant intermediate levels

S. Guérin, Hans Rudolf Jauslin

Published Feb 1, 1997• 38 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We apply the tools of adiabatic Floquet theory to study the control of population transfer and tunneling processes by strong laser pulses. We show how tunneling can be enhanced by intermediate resonant levels by choosing appropriate pulse parameters. We obtain complete tunneling in times that are much shorter than the bare tunneling time or the times obtained without intermediate levels.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.55.1262

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We apply the tools of adiabatic Floquet theory to study the control of population transfer and tunneling processes by strong laser pulses. We show how tunneling can be enhanced by intermediate resonant levels by choosing appropriate pulse parameters. We obtain complete tunneling in times that are much shorter than the bare tunneling time or the times obtained without intermediate levels.
Enhanced population transfer from the lowest to the highest level in the three-state ladder 5s\ensuremath{\rightarrow}5p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}5d of the rubidium atom by frequency-swept ultrashort laser pulses is observed if the frequency sweep first makes the pulse resonant with the 5s\ensuremath{\rightarrow}5p transition, and later with the 5p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}5d transition. With this ``intuitive'' scheme it is possible to achive complete population inversion via the intermediate level by two successive adiabatic passages. Complete inversion is also obtained by a ``counterintuitive'' direction of the frequency sweep, in which case population of the intermediate level during the pulse is strongly reduced.
An analytic theory of resonantly enhanced two-photon excitation of N states with laser light of an arbitrary field is developed. Closed-form expressions for the time evolution of the system are derived. The formulation is used to explore adiabatic passage to a level embedded amongst N other levels. ``Counterintuitive'' pulse sequence is shown to lead to complete population transfer under adiabatic conditions. The reverse case of stimulated emission from N initial states is also studied. Complete population transfer to the ground state from an initial state satisfying the two-photon resonance condition is shown to be possible. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Shortcuts to adiabaticity in various quantum systems have attracted much attention with their wide applications in quantum information processing and quantum control. In this paper, we concentrate on a stimulated Raman shortcut-to-adiabatic passage in quantum three-level systems. To implement counterdiabatic driving but without additional coupling, we first reduce the quantum three-level systems to effective two-level problems at large intermediate-level detuning, or on resonance, apply counterdiabatic driving along with the unitary transformation and eventually modify the pump and Stokes pulses for achieving fast and high-fidelity population transfer. The required laser intensity and stability against parameter variation are further discussed, to demonstrate the advantage of shortcuts to adiabaticity.
Tunneling ionization followed by strong-field excitation leads to important ultrafast phenomena such as charge migration and lasing. Recent theoretical developments suggest that the population of the ionic excited state can be greatly enhanced due to the complex interplay between tunneling and excitation. In this Letter, using an adiabatic approach for both tunneling and excitation, semi-analytical solutions are derived for the population and coherence of a two-level ionic system. This approach removes the strong-field dressing, revealing novel sub-half-cycle processes for excited state population and coherence buildup. It predicts that the excited state population is enhanced by an order of magnitude, independent of the laser wavelength, while coherence amplitude can be boosted by over four orders of magnitude for a multi-cycle pulse. For a single-cycle pulse, it suggests that coherence amplitude decreases rapidly as the wavelength increases. This work introduces a novel framework for generating and controlling the electronic excited state and coherence using intense laser pulses, with applications in strong-field control of chemistry and lasing.