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Optics Letters

Fast optical switching via stimulated Raman adiabatic passage

C. Y. Ye, Vladimir A. Sautenkov, Yuri V. Rostovtsev, Marlan O. Scully

Published Nov 15, 2003• 38 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrate a new approach to fast optical switching with a technique based on stimulated Raman adiabatic passage in which a laser pulse switches the probe field on and off via another coupling pulse. This new kind of optical switching is not limited by the decay rate of an excited state and can operate in the subnanosecond time domain. The experimental observation in Rb atomic vapor is in good agreement with numerical simulations.

DOI
10.1364/ol.28.002213

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We demonstrate a new approach to fast optical switching with a technique based on stimulated Raman adiabatic passage in which a laser pulse switches the probe field on and off via another coupling pulse. This new kind of optical switching is not limited by the decay rate of an excited state and can operate in the subnanosecond time domain. The experimental observation in Rb atomic vapor is in good agreement with numerical simulations.
Accurate control of a quantum system is a fundamental requirement in many areas of modern science ranging from quantum information processing to high-precision measurements. A significantly important goal in quantum control is preparing a desired state as fast as possible, with sufficiently high fidelity allowed by available resources and experimental constraints. Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) is a robust way to realize high-fidelity state transfer but it requires a sufficiently long operation time to satisfy the adiabatic criteria. Here we theoretically propose and then experimentally demonstrate a shortcut-to-adiabatic protocol to speed-up the STIRAP. By modifying the shapes of the Raman pulses, we experimentally realize a fast and high-fidelity stimulated Raman shortcut-to-adiabatic passage that is robust against control parameter variations. The all-optical, robust and fast protocol demonstrated here provides an efficient and practical way to control quantum systems.
We introduce a procedure for qubit rotation, alternative to the commonly used method of Rabi oscillations of controlled pulse area. It is based on the technique of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage and, therefore, it is robust against fluctuations of experimental parameters. Furthermore, our work shows that it is, in principle, possible to perform quantum logic operations via stimulated Raman adiabatic passage. This opens up the search for a completely new class of schemes to implement logic gates.
Accurate control of a quantum system is a fundamental requirement in many areas of modern science ranging from quantum information processing to high-precision measurements. A significantly important goal in quantum control is to prepare a desired state as fast as possible with sufficiently high fidelity allowed by available resources and experimental constraints. Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) is a robust way to realize high-fidelity state transfer but it requires a sufficiently long operation time to satisfy the adiabatic criteria. We here theoretically propose and then experimentally demonstrate a shortcut-to-adiabatic protocol to speed up the STIRAP. By modifying the shapes of the Raman pulses, we experimentally realize a fast and high-fidelity stimulated Raman shortcut-to-adiabatic passage that is robust against control parameter variations. The all-optical, robust, and fast protocol demonstrated here provides an efficient and practical way to control quantum systems.
Experimental measurements and calculations of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage transfer efficiencies were made on a sodium gas starting from the 32S1/23{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{S}_{1/2}32S1/2​ electronic ground state, passing through the 32P1/23{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{P}_{1/2}32P1/2​ and/or the 32P3/23{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{P}_{3/2}32P3/2​ to the 52S1/25{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{S}_{1/2}52S1/2​ state. The lasers used in the experiments had a pulse width of several picoseconds and were close to the Fourier transform limit. Although the linewidth of the laser was much smaller than the spin orbit splitting between the 32P1/23\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{2}P_{1/2}32P1/2​ and 32P3/23\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{2}P_{3/2}32P3/2​ states, Experiments and calculations reveal that both 3p states play a role in the transfer efficiency when the lasers are tuned to resonance through the 32P1/23{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{P}_{1/2}32P1/2​ state, revealing evidence of quantum interference between the competing pathways.
Coherent manipulation of quantum states is of crucial importance in accurate control of a quantum system. A fundamental goal is coherently transferring the population of a desired state with near-unit fidelity. For this purpose, we theoretically demonstrate a novel coherent double-stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) in a three-level Λ-type system for realizing the switch of unequal initial preparations on two ground states. This operation uses a single optical pulse sequence accomplishing both bright-STIRAP and dark-STIRAP processes, in which the intermediate-level detuning and the pulse delay must be given an optimal adjustment. Besides, owing to the imperfection of double-STIRAP transition, the sensitivity of the switch fidelity with respect to the spontaneous loss from the intermediate state, to the pulse amplitude and to the population difference, is also discussed. This work suggests a simple and experimentally feasible all-optical approach to switch a superposition quantum state, serving as one-step closer to the goal of coherent manipulation of quantum systems.