Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

The European Physical Journal Special Topics

5D optics for atomic clocks and gravito-inertial sensors

Ch. J. Bordé

Published Oct 1, 2008• 24 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1140/epjst/e2008-00827-3

Related papers

Atom interferometers and optical atomic clocks: New quantum sensors for fundamental physics experiments in space

Guglielmo Maria Tino, L. Cacciapuoti, Kai Bongs +18 more

Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements•Mar 9, 2007•52 citations

Quantum Theory of Atom-Wave Beam Splitters and Application to Multidimensional Atomic Gravito-Inertial Sensors

Christian Bordé

General Relativity and Gravitation•Jan 6, 2004•72 citations

Atomic clocks and inertial sensors

Ch J Bord

We show that the language of atom interferometry provides a unified picture for microwave and optical atomic clocks as well as for gravito-inertial sensors. The sensitivity and accuracy of these devices is now such that a new theoretical framework common to all these interferometers is required that includes: (a) a fully quantum mechanical treatment of the atomic motion in free space and in the presence of a gravitational field (most cold-atom interferometric devices use atoms in ``free fall'' in a fountain geometry); (b) an account of simultaneous actions of gravitational and electromagnetic fields in the interaction zones; (c) a second quantization of the matter fields to take into account their fermionic or bosonic character in order to discuss the role of coherent sources and their noise properties; (d) a covariant treatment including spin to evaluate general relativistic effects. A theoretical description of atomic clocks revisited along these lines is presented, using both an exact propagator of atom waves in gravito-inertial fields and a covariant Dirac equation in the presence of weak gravitational fields. Using this framework, recoil effects, spin-related effects, beam curvature effects, the sensitivity to gravito-inertial fields and the influence of the coherence of the atom source are discussed in the context of present and future atomic clocks and gravito-inertial sensors.

Metrologia•Oct 1, 2002•162 citations

Optical Atomic Clocks for Ground and Space Applications

F. Riehle

cosp•Jan 1, 2010•0 citations

Optical Atomic Clock for Fundamental Physics and Precision Metrology in Space

Jason Williams, Thanh Le, Sascha Kulas +1 more

Bulletin of the American Physical Society•Jun 7, 2017•0 citations

Introduction to 5D optics for space-time sensors

Ch. J. Bordé

— A new framework is proposed to compare and unify photon and atom optics, which rests on the quantization of proper time. A common wave equation written in …ve dimensions reduces both cases to 5D-optics of massless particles. The ordinary methods of optics (eikonal equation, Kirchho¤ integral, Lagrange invariant, Fermat principle, symplectic algebra and ABCD matrices....) are used to solve this equation in practical cases. The various phase shift cancellations, which occur in atom interferometers, and the quantum Langevin twin paradox for atoms, are then easily explained. A general phase-shift formula for interferometers is derived in …ve dimensions, which applies to clocks as well as to gravito-inertial sensors.

•Jan 1, 2009•0 citations
We show that the language of atom interferometry provides a unified picture for microwave and optical atomic clocks as well as for gravito-inertial sensors. The sensitivity and accuracy of these devices is now such that a new theoretical framework common to all these interferometers is required that includes: (a) a fully quantum mechanical treatment of the atomic motion in free space and in the presence of a gravitational field (most cold-atom interferometric devices use atoms in ``free fall'' in a fountain geometry); (b) an account of simultaneous actions of gravitational and electromagnetic fields in the interaction zones; (c) a second quantization of the matter fields to take into account their fermionic or bosonic character in order to discuss the role of coherent sources and their noise properties; (d) a covariant treatment including spin to evaluate general relativistic effects. A theoretical description of atomic clocks revisited along these lines is presented, using both an exact propagator of atom waves in gravito-inertial fields and a covariant Dirac equation in the presence of weak gravitational fields. Using this framework, recoil effects, spin-related effects, beam curvature effects, the sensitivity to gravito-inertial fields and the influence of the coherence of the atom source are discussed in the context of present and future atomic clocks and gravito-inertial sensors.
— A new framework is proposed to compare and unify photon and atom optics, which rests on the quantization of proper time. A common wave equation written in …ve dimensions reduces both cases to 5D-optics of massless particles. The ordinary methods of optics (eikonal equation, Kirchho¤ integral, Lagrange invariant, Fermat principle, symplectic algebra and ABCD matrices....) are used to solve this equation in practical cases. The various phase shift cancellations, which occur in atom interferometers, and the quantum Langevin twin paradox for atoms, are then easily explained. A general phase-shift formula for interferometers is derived in …ve dimensions, which applies to clocks as well as to gravito-inertial sensors.