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Physical Review A

Resonance fluorescence of two adatoms near a metal surface

Chun-rong Fu, Chang-De Gong

Published Jul 1, 1989• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The resonance fluorescence spectrum of two atoms near a perfectly conducting metal is investigated. A quantum-mechanical version of the image method, taking into account the dipole-dipole interaction, is adopted to study the excitation spectrum. Within the framework of this approach, each single atom and its corresponding image are kinematically correlated, while dynamically they are actually independent. The effects of the surface are directly exhibited in the decay rates, the frequency shift, and the spectrum. The influence of the surface is found to be large for weak fields but becomes very small for high intensities of the pump field.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.40.207

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The resonance fluorescence spectrum of two atoms near a perfectly conducting metal is investigated. A quantum-mechanical version of the image method, taking into account the dipole-dipole interaction, is adopted to study the excitation spectrum. Within the framework of this approach, each single atom and its corresponding image are kinematically correlated, while dynamically they are actually independent. The effects of the surface are directly exhibited in the decay rates, the frequency shift, and the spectrum. The influence of the surface is found to be large for weak fields but becomes very small for high intensities of the pump field.
The interaction between electromagnetic radiation and two two-level atoms with different resonance frequencies near a perfectly conducting metal surface is considered. The atom-atom and atom-surface separations are assumed to be smaller than the corresponding mean resonance wavelength. A quantum-mechanical version of the image method is adopted to study the spontaneous emission by such an atomic pair. Within the framework of this approach, each individual atom and its corresponding image are kinematically correlated, while dynamically they are in effect independent. The total radiation rate of the atomic system is calculated as a function of time for various values of frequency difference. Explicit results are given for several different initial states of the atomic system. Some of them exhibit superradiance, and some initially act as photon-trapping states and eventually are able to undergo radiative decay. Oscillations as a manifestation of beating appear in the time evolution of the radiation rate in all cases of the various initial states, when the frequency difference becomes larger than a critical value given as twice the mean halfwidth of the atomic resonance lines.
A derivation of surface-dressed optical Bloch equations, involving a treatment of surface-reflected photons and a surface plasmon resonance, is presented for a collision-damped two-level atom near or adsorbed on a metal surface. Effects of the laser bandwidth are included by means of a phase-diffusion model for the driving field. In the weak-field or large detuning limit, the population inversion and resonance fluorescence spectrum are obtained analytically. These quantities along with the surface-induced phase-decay constant of the adatom show strong oscillatory behavior as a function of the adatom-surface distance.
A derivation of surface-dressed optical Bloch equations, involving a treatment of surface-reflected photons and a surface plasmon resonance, is presented for a collision-damped two-level atom near or adsorbed on a metal surface. Effects of the laser bandwidth are included by means of a phase-diffusion model for the driving field. In the weak-field or large detuning limit, the population inversion and resonance fluorescence spectrum are analytically obtained. These quantities along with the surface-induced phase-decay constant of the adatom show strong oscillatory behavior as a function of the adatom–surface distance.
By using the reservoir theory and Dekker's quantization procedure for a dissipation system, a set of new surface-dressed optical Bloch equations including the surface-induced frequency shift as well as the decay rate is derived to calculate the resonance fluorescence spectrum of an adatom near a bulk solid surface. A mediate layer composed of nonabsorbing dielectric is placed to separate the adatom and the bulk solid. The size and the dielectric effects of this layer are found to be as important as those effects from the bulk solid. These effects will be directly exhibited in the decay rates and the frequency shifts. The resonance fluorescence spectrum is discussed in different cases and is found to be strongly affected by the surfaces.