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Communications in Mathematical Physics

Maximal violation of Bell's inequalities is generic in quantum field theory

Stephen J. Summers, Reinhard F. Werner

Published Jun 1, 1987• 191 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/bf01207366

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We devise a general setup to investigate the violation of the Bell-Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (Bell-CHSH) inequality in the vacuum state in the context of quantum field theory. We test the method with massless spinor fields in (1+11+11+1)-dimensional Minkowski space-time. Alice's and Bob's test functions are explicitly constructed, first by employing Haar wavelets which are then bumpified into proper test functions via a smoothening procedure relying on the Planck-taper window function. Relativistic causality is implemented by requiring the support of Alice's and Bob's test functions to be located in the left and right Rindler wedges, respectively. Violations of the Bell-CHSH inequality as close as desired to Tsirelson's bound are reported. We briefly comment on the extra portal, compared to earlier works; this opens the opportunity to scrutinize Bell-CHSH inequalities with generic, interacting quantum field theories.
We formulate and prove Bell’s inequalities in the realm of JB ∗^*∗ triples and JB ∗^*∗ algebras. We show that the maximal violation of Bell’s inequalities occurs in any JBW ∗^*∗ triple containing a nonassociative 222 -Peirce subspace. Moreover, we show that the violation of Bell’s inequalities in a nonmodular JBW ∗^*∗ algebra and in an essentially nonmodular JBW ∗^*∗ triple is generic. We describe the structure of maximal violators and its relation to the spin factor. In addition, we present a synthesis of available results based on a unified geometric approach.