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International Journal of Quantum Information

ENTANGLEMENT AND PHOTON DYNAMICS IN THE INTERACTION BETWEEN TWO QUANTIZED ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS AND 3-LEVEL ATOMS

Behrooz Vaseghi, G. Rezaei, Reza Khordad, A. Fallah Zadeh

Published Feb 1, 2011• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We study in this paper the dynamics of two electromagnetic (EM) fields and their entanglement in the interaction with a 3-level atom (Λ-configuration). We investigate the interaction when initially one of the fields is in a single mode coherent state, and the other one is in a Fock(number) state. We have calculated the mean photon numbers of the fields and their entanglement by means of the fields entropy as a measure of it. The results show the synchronization between entanglement beats and collapses-revivals of the fields, which cause the field in the Fock state (noncoherent) to behave coherently during the interaction. Also the results offer a way to generate coherent fields and achieve any desired degree of entanglement with specified dynamics via controlling the parameters of the atomic system.

DOI
10.1142/s0219749911006703

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We study in this paper the dynamics of two electromagnetic (EM) fields and their entanglement in the interaction with a 3-level atom (Λ-configuration). We investigate the interaction when initially one of the fields is in a single mode coherent state, and the other one is in a Fock(number) state. We have calculated the mean photon numbers of the fields and their entanglement by means of the fields entropy as a measure of it. The results show the synchronization between entanglement beats and collapses-revivals of the fields, which cause the field in the Fock state (noncoherent) to behave coherently during the interaction. Also the results offer a way to generate coherent fields and achieve any desired degree of entanglement with specified dynamics via controlling the parameters of the atomic system.
Abstract The dynamics of an atom of three levels in Λ configuration interacting with a quantized field of two modes in a cavity is studied within the rotating wave approximation by considering experimental values of accessible hyperfine levels of alkali atoms. The Hamiltonian model is constructed on the basis of the direct product of the atomic states with Fock states of light. This simplified basis allows us to generalize the state of light to any quantum field. The interaction term of the Hamiltonian restricts the system to a 3D Hilbert space. The system’s time evolution results show some similarities with the effective two-level system, such as the presence of collapses and revivals and the atom-field entanglement. By an analysis of the statistics of the photons, we show that when the three-level atom is interacting with a coherent field of two modes, it is possible to control experimentally the statistics of the field to be super-Poissonian or sub-Poissonian by the choice of the initial atomic state.
In this paper, we study the entanglement dynamics, its measure, and mean photon number of the field in the interaction between a quantized electromagnetic field and a 3-level atom surrounded by a nonlinear Kerr-like medium. Using the density matrix approach, we have calculated the time evolution of the entanglement and its magnitude at an arbitrary time, for different nonlinear coupling constant. Moreover, to show the effects of nonlinearity on the atom–field interaction and its relation with the entanglement the mean photon number of the field is also presented as a function of nonlinear coupling strength, χ. The results show that, envelope of entanglement fluctuation, their duration and amplitude strongly depend on the nonlinear coupling strength. Since the entanglement decreases with increasing nonlinearity, the mean number of photons reaches a constant value as a result of absorption increment by the surrounding medium.
We investigate the evolution of the atomic quantum entropy and the atom–field entanglement in a system of a Λ-configuration three-level atom interacting with a single-mode field with additional forms of nonlinearities of both the field and the intensity-dependent atom–field coupling. With the derivation of the unitary operator within the frame of the dressed state and the exact results for the state of the system, we perform a careful investigation of the temporal evolution of the entropy. A factorization of the initial density operator is assumed, considering the field to be initially in a squeezed coherent or binomial state. The effects of the mean photon number, detuning, Kerr-like medium, and the intensity-dependent coupling functional on the entropy are analyzed.
The dynamical properties in the system of three identical two-level entangled atoms interacting with the Fock states field are investigated by mean of Schrodinger equation solution and numerical calculations. The results show that the time evolution of the atomic population operator and second order coherence degree depend on the degree of entanglement of the entangled atoms and the intensity of the Fock states optical field. If the two atoms are in un-entangled state, the atomic population reveals the periodic collapse and revival phenomenon. The atomic population reveals vacuum Rabi oscillation when the optical field is in vacuum state, and the Rabi oscillation frequency of the atomic population is shown to increase with the growth of the intensity of the optical field. If the two atoms are in entangled state, the photon reveals the bunching phenomenon with the growth of the degree of the entangled state, and the second-order correlation function is shown to increase with the growth of the degree of the entangled state.
In this article,the time evolution properties of the field entropy in the system of the two identical two-level entangled atoms interacting with the single-mode coherent light field are studied by means of full quantum theory.The influences of the initial states and the degree of entanglement of two identical two-level entangled atoms and the intensity of the light field on the field entropy are discussed by numerical calculations.The results show that the average value and the oscillation frequency of the field entropy increases with the increasing of the mean photon number,the oscillation of the field entropy presents stated periods in the weak light field and presents collapses and revivals in the increased light field,the amplitudes of field entropy increase with increasing initial degree of entanglement of two entangled atoms.