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Frontiers in Optics

Correlated Photon Pair Generation by a Single Dual-Element PPKTP Waveguide at over GHz Repetition Rate

Oliver Slattery, Lijun Ma, Xiao Hong Tang

Published Jan 1, 2009• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A compact scheme for high-speed frequency doubling and down-conversion on a single dual-element PPKTP waveguide is investigated. Optimal temperature is achieved and coincidence is observed at over GHz repetition rate with pulsed pump input scheme.
DOI
10.1364/fio.2009.jma5

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The implementation of a bright frequency correlated photon pairs source based on a PPKTP requires two principal parts: the process of Spontaneous Parametric Down-Conversion SPDC taking into account the quasi-phase-matching conditions and a single-frequency-mode laser source with a Gaussian profile. In this project, a theoretical approach of the SPDC process and the conditions needed to have an intense source of correlated photon pairs source are studied; especially, the process dependence of the temperature of the crystal and the pump wavelength. A single-frequency-mode pump laser source is implemented and focused to a PPKTP crystal. The photon pairs source is characterized spatially, in intensity and frequency. Through this, a bright photon pairs source with a coincidence rate per mW of pump power of 199 +- 1 kHz/mW is obtained, which is at least three times bigger than the rate of coincidences of the SPDC process using a traditional nonlinear crystal as a BBO.
We present a systematic study of a correlated photon-pair source based on a periodically-poled KTiOPO4 (PPKTP) waveguide. The waveguide was fabricated on a KTiOPO4 crystal supporting type-II parametric down-conversion. In addition, periodic poling was applied along the waveguide to quasi-phase-match the type-0 down-conversion process. The design pump wavelength is 532 nm, and the wavelengths of the down-converted, correlated photons are around 900 nm and 1300 nm. We examine the two-photon correlation spectra and singlephoton spectra at a variety of temperature and power settings for both type-0 and type II down-conversion processes. Our study shows that the waveguide source has a number of advantages compared to its bulk-crystal counterpart, including higher spectral brightness, narrower emission bandwidth and single spatial-mode output. With greatly simplified engineering, this compact, highly efficient, low photon-loss, and cost-effective waveguide source of correlated photon pairs is promising for future chip-scale quantum information processing applications.
A high generation rate photon-pair source using a dual element periodically-poled potassium titanyl phosphate (PP KTP) waveguide is described. The fully integrated photon-pair source consists of a 1064-nm pump diode laser, fiber-coupled to a dual element waveguide within which a pair of 1064-nm photons are up-converted to a single 532-nm photon in the first stage. In the second stage, the 532-nm photon is down-converted to an entangled photon-pair at 800 nm and 1600 nm which are fiber-coupled at the waveguide output. The photon-pair source features a high pair generation rate, a compact power-efficient package, and continuous wave (CW) or pulsed operation. This is a significant step towards the long term goal of developing sources for high-rate Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) to enable Earth-space secure communications. Characterization and test results are presented. Details and preliminary results of a laboratory free space QKD experiment with the B92 protocol are also presented.