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IEEE Signal Processing Letters

PHY Layer Security Based on Protected Zone and Artificial Noise

Nabil Romero‐Zurita, Des McLernon, Mounir Ghogho, Ananthram Swami

Published Mar 14, 2013• 71 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We address physical layer security in multiple- input-multiple-output (MISO) communications in the presence of an unknown passive eavesdropper. Beamforming and artificial noise broadcasting are chosen to increase communications security. We first study the effect of a close eavesdropper on security and then we define a “Protected Zone” in the transmitter's vicinity. We present an optimisation strategy that intelligently sets the transmission power and the size of the protected zone to probabilistically achieve secrecy at a specified target secrecy rate. The results show that this strategy can achieve a high probability of secrecy by efficiently prioritising the use of the available resources.

DOI
10.1109/lsp.2013.2252898

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We address physical layer security in multiple- input-multiple-output (MISO) communications in the presence of an unknown passive eavesdropper. Beamforming and artificial noise broadcasting are chosen to increase communications security. We first study the effect of a close eavesdropper on security and then we define a “Protected Zone” in the transmitter's vicinity. We present an optimisation strategy that intelligently sets the transmission power and the size of the protected zone to probabilistically achieve secrecy at a specified target secrecy rate. The results show that this strategy can achieve a high probability of secrecy by efficiently prioritising the use of the available resources.
The authors address the physical layer security in multiple‐input‐single‐output communication systems. This study introduces a robust strategy to cope with the channel state information errors in the main link to convey confidential information towards a legitimate receiver while artificial noise is broadcast to confuse an unknown eavesdropper. The authors study how an eavesdropper physically located in the vicinity of the transmitter can put at risk the network's security, and hence, as a countermeasure, a ‘protected zone’ was deployed to prevent the close‐quarters eavesdropping attacks. The authors determine the size of the protected zone and transmission covariance matrices of the steering information and the artificial noise to maximise the worst‐case secrecy rate in a resource‐constrained system and to minimise the use of resources to ensure an average secrecy rate. The proposed robust masked beamforming scheme offers a secure performance even with erroneous estimates of the main channel showing that a protected zone not only enhances the transmission security but it allows us to make an efficient use of energy by prioritising the available resources.
In this letter, we address physical layer security in MISO communications in the presence of passive eavesdroppers, i.e., the eavesdroppers' channels are unknown to the transmitter. Spatial beamforming and artificial noise broadcasting are chosen as the strategy for secure transmission. With the aim of guaranteeing a given probability of secrecy, defined by quality of service constraints at the intended receiver and at the eavesdroppers, an optimum power allocation strategy between transmitted information and artificial noise is proposed. Both power constrained and power unconstrained systems are considered. Our proposed outage probability-based approach compares favourably to an existing second-order-statistic-based approach.
Physical layer security approaches enable secure message transmission without upper layer data encryption and thus draw intensive attention recently years. Following this topic, this paper proposes a novel approach to improve the security of multiple-input single-output (MISO) communications links in the presence of non-colluding passive Poisson distributed eavesdroppers. In the proposed approach, it is assumed that the channel state information (CSI) of the main channel is known and that of the eavesdropper channel is unknown. Through beamforming vectors, the transmitter transmits information signal to the legitimate receiver along with artificial noise (AN) to confuse the eavesdroppers. Secrecy outage probability (SOP) is adopted to describe the secrecy performance, and based on it, security region (SR) is used from the perspective of space to illustrate the security. In obtaining the SOP of the described transmission link, stochastic geometry theory is adopted. It is shown that the stochastic geometry theory provides a powerful tool in obtaining a solution of SOP. Furthermore, the secrecy performance between transmitting approaches with AN and without AN is compared. The SR is plotted and the factors impacting security are analyzed accordingly.
Physical layer security approaches enable secure message transmission without upper layer data encryption and thus draw intensive attention recently years. Following this topic, this paper proposes a novel approach to improve the security of multiple-input single-output (MISO) communications links in the presence of non-colluding passive Poisson distributed eavesdroppers. In the proposed approach, it is assumed that the channel state information (CSI) of the main channel is known and that of the eavesdropper channel is unknown. Through beamforming vectors, the transmitter transmits information signal to the legitimate receiver along with artificial noise (AN) to confuse the eavesdroppers. Secrecy outage probability (SOP) is adopted to describe the secrecy performance, and based on it, security region (SR) is used from the perspective of space to illustrate the security. In obtaining the SOP of the described transmission link, stochastic geometry theory is adopted. It is shown that the stochastic geometry theory provides a powerful tool in obtaining a solution of SOP. Furthermore, the secrecy performance between transmitting approaches with AN and without AN is compared. The SR is plotted and the factors impacting security are analyzed accordingly.
This paper addresses physical layer security in MIMO communications over frequency selective wireless channels in the presence of passive eavesdroppers, i.e. the associated channels are unknown to the legitimate transmitter. Signalling is based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). Spatial beamforming is performed to improve the quality of the legitimate link. With the aim of confusing the eavesdroppers, a fraction of the available power is allocated to transmit artificial noise. Frequency diversity is shown to significantly improve secrecy. A probabilistic analysis of secrecy is presented.
We address physical layer security in multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) communications. We introduce a worst-case robust transmission strategy to broadcast artificial noise jointly from the transmitter and/or the receiver under a mismatched version of the channel state information (CSI) between all the communication parties. We determine the transmission covariance matrices that maximise the worst-case secrecy rate in a global power constrained system considering two cases regarding the knowledge about the eavesdropping channel: i) partial instantaneous, and ii) second-order statistics. The resulting problems turn out to be nonconvex and so we approximate them to tractable semidefinite programs (SDP). The proposed technique introduces flexibility to generate the artificial noise from either authorised source depending on the particular transmission conditions enhancing the security performance.