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Journal of the Physical Society of Japan

Critical and Glassy Phases in Non-Disordered Antiferromagnetic Heisenberg Model on Triangular Lattice

Yusuke Tomita, Naoki Kawashima

Published Apr 25, 2011• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a non-disordered antiferromagnetic Heisenberg spin model on a triangular lattice, which exhibits a critical state and a glassy state at low temperatures. The system has three phases, the paramagnetic, the intermediate critical, and the glassy phase. The intermediate phase is characterized by a quasi-long-range order, whereas only short-range order exists in the glassy phase. Using Monte Carlo simulation, the phase transitions and properties of the two phases at low temperatures are examined. Our spin model shows that the variable-length spin and the competition between bilinear and biquadratic interactions are essential for forming the critical and glassy phases.

DOI
10.1143/jpsj.80.054001

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Abstract Motivated by the fact that the study of disordered phases at zero temperature is of great interest, I study the spin-one quantum antiferromagnet with a next-nearest neighbor interaction on a triangular lattice with bilinear and biquadratic exchange interactions and a single ion anisotropy, using a SU(3) Schwinger boson mean-field theory. I calculate the critical properties, at zero temperature, for values of the single ion anisotropy parameter D above a critical value D C , where a quantum phase transition takes place from a higher D disordered phase to a lower D ordered phase.
We study the antiferromagnetic {\it XY} model on a triangular lattice by extensive Monte Carlo simulations, focusing on its ordering and critical properties. Our result clearly shows that two separate transitions occur at two distinct temperatures, the one at a higher temperature is associated with a Z2Z_2Z2​-symmetry breaking driven by the chirality, and the one at a lower temperature is associated with the onset of the quasi-long-range order of the {\it XY} spin. We carefully examine the critical properties of each transition to find that the criticality of the chiral transition is consistent with the standard two-dimensional Ising universality class, whereas that of the spin transition might differ from the conventional Kosterlitz-Thouless (KT) one. The observed non-KT nature of the spin criticality is consistent with the most recent simulation result on the fully-frustrated {\it XY} model on a square lattice.
We investigate the zero-temperature behavior of the classical Heisenberg model on the triangular lattice in which the competition between exchange interactions of different orders favors a relative angle between neighboring spins $\ensuremath{\Phi}\ensuremath{\in}(0,2\ensuremath{\pi}/3)$. In this situation, the ground states are noncoplanar and have an infinite discrete degeneracy. In the generic case, i.e., when $\ensuremath{\Phi}\ensuremath{\ne}\ensuremath{\pi}/2,\mathrm{arccos}(\ensuremath{-}1/3)$, the ground-state manifold is in one-to-one correspondence (up to a global rotation) with the set of noncrossing loop coverings of the three equivalent honeycomb sublattices into which the bonds of the triangular lattice can be partitioned. This allows one to identify the order parameter space as an infinite Cayley tree with coordination number 3. Building on the duality between a similar loop model and the ferromagnetic O(3)O(3)O(3) model on the honeycomb lattice, we argue that a typical ground state should have long-range order in terms of spin orientation. This conclusion is further supported by the comparison with the four-state antiferromagnetic Potts model [describing the $\ensuremath{\Phi}=\mathrm{arccos}(\ensuremath{-}1/3)$ case], which at zero temperature is critical and in terms of the solid-on-solid representation is located exactly at the point of roughening transition. At $\ensuremath{\Phi}\ensuremath{\ne}\mathrm{arccos}(\ensuremath{-}1/3)$, an additional constraint appears, whose presence drives the system into an ordered phase (unless $\ensuremath{\Phi}=\ensuremath{\pi}/2$, when another constraint is removed and the model becomes trivially exactly solvable).
The critical behavior and phase transitions (PT) of the three-dimensional antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on a layered triangular lattice with nearest-neighbor (J) and next-to-nearest neighbor (J1) interactions is studied by the replica Monte Carlo method. The first order phase transition has been revealed in the studied model based on the histogram method of processing data of the Monte Carlo for systems with large linear dimensions. Shown that the system exhibits the pseudouniversal critical behavior in the case of small lattices.
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Phase transitions and critical properties in the antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on a layered cubic lattice with allowance for intralayer next nearest neighbor interactions have been studied using the replica Monte Carlo algorithm. The character of phase transitions has been analyzed using the histogram method and the Binder cumulant method. It has been found that a transition from the collinear to paramagnetic phase in the model under study occurs as a second order phase transition. The statistical critical exponents of the specific heat α, susceptibility γ, order parameter β, and correlation radius ν, as well as the Fisher index η, have been calculated using the finite-size scaling theory. It has been shown that the three-dimensional Heisenberg model on the layered cubic lattice with allowance for the next nearest neighbor interaction belongs to the same universality class of the critical behavior as the antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on a layered triangular lattice.