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Physical Review A

First Mott lobe of bosons with local two- and three-body interactions

Jereson Silva-Valencia, André M. C. Souza

Published Dec 6, 2011• 35 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Using the density matrix renormalization group method, we determine the phase diagram of the Bose-Hubbard model with local two- and three-body interactions, describing polar molecules in one-dimensional optical lattices. The difference in the block von Neumann entropy with different system sizes was used to establish the critical points. We found that the quantum critical point position increases with the three-body interaction. We show that the model studied is in the same universality class as the model with pure two-body interactions.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.84.065601

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Using the density matrix renormalization group method, we determine the phase diagram of the Bose-Hubbard model with local two- and three-body interactions, describing polar molecules in one-dimensional optical lattices. The difference in the block von Neumann entropy with different system sizes was used to establish the critical points. We found that the quantum critical point position increases with the three-body interaction. We show that the model studied is in the same universality class as the model with pure two-body interactions.
We employ the (dynamical) density-matrix renormalization-group technique to investigate the ground-state properties of the Bose-Hubbard model with nearest-neighbor transfer amplitudes ttt and local two-body and three-body repulsion of strength UUU and WWW, respectively. We determine the phase boundaries between the Mott-insulating and superfluid phases for the lowest two Mott lobes from the chemical potentials. We calculate the tips of the Mott lobes from the Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid parameter and confirm the positions of the Kosterlitz-Thouless points from the von Neumann entanglement entropy. We find that physical quantities in the second Mott lobe such as the gap and the dynamical structure factor scale almost perfectly in t/(U+W)t/(U+W)t/(U+W), even close to the Mott transition. Strong-coupling perturbation theory shows that there is no true scaling but deviations from it are quantitatively small in the strong-coupling limit. This observation should remain true in higher dimensions and for not too large attractive three-body interactions.
Abstract The extended Bose-Hubbard model with pure three-body local interactions is studied using the Density Matrix Renormalization Group approach. The shapes of the first two insulating lobes are discussed, and the values of the critical tunneling for which the system undergoes the quantum phase transition from insulating to superfluid phase are predicted. It is shown that stability of insulating phases, in contrast to the standard Bose-Hubbard model, is enhanced for larger fillings. It is also shown that, on the tip of the boundary of the insulating phase, the model under consideration belongs to the Berenzinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless universality class.
Recently optical lattices allow us to observe phase transition without the uncertainty posed by complex materials, and the simulations of these systems are an excellent bridge between materials-based condensed matter physics and cold atoms. In this way, the computational physics related to many-body problems have increased in importance. Using the density matrix renormalization group method, we studied a Hubbard model for anyons, which is an equivalent to a variant of the Bose-Hubbard model in which the bosonic hopping depends on the local density. This is an exact mapping between anyons and bosons in one dimension. The anyons interlope between bosons and fermions. For two anyons under particle exchange, the wave function acquires a fractional phase e iθ . We conclude that this system exhibits two phases: Mott-insulator and superfluid. We present the phase diagram for some angles. The Mott lobe increases with an increase of the statistical. We observed a reentrance phase transition for all lobes. We showed that the model studied is in the same universality class as the Bose-Hubbard model with two-body interactions.
Using the density-matrix renormalization-group method, we studied the ground state of the one-dimensional S=1S=1S=1 Bose-Hubbard model with local three-body interactions, which can be a superfluid or a Mott insulator state. We drew the phase diagram of this model for both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interaction. Regardless of the sign of the spin-dependent coupling, we obtained that the Mott lobes area decreases as the spin-dependent strength increases, which means that the even-odd asymmetry of the two-body antiferromagnetic chain is absent for local three-body interactions. For antiferromagnetic coupling, we found that the density drives first-order superfluid-Mott insulator transitions for even and odd lobes. Ferromagnetic Mott insulator and superfluid states were obtained with a ferromagnetic coupling, and a tendency to a ``long-range'' order was observed.
We calculate the density profiles of a system of bosons with off-diagonal confinement and local interaction between two or three particles, using the density matrix renormalizaction group method. We found different ground-states: Mott insulator, superfluid and diverse mixed states. We observe that the Mott insulator lobes are surrounded by Mott insulator-superfluid coexistence state regardless the kind of the local interaction. The area of the Mott insulator lobes decreases for the two-body interactions and remain the same for three-body interactions.
We study spin-1 bosons confined in a one-dimensional optical lattice, taking into consideration both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interaction. Using the density matrix renormalization group, we determine the phase diagram for the two firsts lobes and report the evolution of the first and second Mott lobes with respect to the spin-exchange interaction parameter ( U 2 ). We determine that for the antiferromagnetic case, the first lobe is suppressed while the second grows as | U 2 | increases. For the ferromagnetic case, the first and second Mott lobes are suppressed by the spin-exchange interaction parameter. We propose an expresion to describe the evolution of the critical point with the increase in | U 2 | for both cases.