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Japanese Journal of Applied Physics

800-nm Band Cross-Polarized Photon Pair Source Using Type-II Parametric Down-Conversion in Periodically Poled Lithium Niobate

Shigehiro Nagano, Ryōsuke Shimizu, Yohei Sugiura, Koji Suizu, Keiichi Edamatsu, Hiromasa Ito

Published Nov 1, 2007• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report a high-efficiency source of cross-polarized photon pairs via type-II quasi-phase matched spontaneous parametric down-conversion using periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN). The photon pairs are generated from the PPLN in a fifth-order quasi-phase matching condition around 800 nm, which matches the wavelength band of efficient Si avalanche photodiodes. We obtained the photon-pair production rate of 6.8 × 10 5 s -1 mW -1 .

DOI
10.1143/jjap.46.l1064

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Optics Express•Oct 16, 2006•39 citations
We report a high-efficiency source of cross-polarized photon pairs via type-II quasi-phase matched spontaneous parametric down-conversion using periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN). The photon pairs are generated from the PPLN in a fifth-order quasi-phase matching condition around 800 nm, which matches the wavelength band of efficient Si avalanche photodiodes. We obtained the photon-pair production rate of 6.8 × 10 5 s -1 mW -1 .
We report on the generation of narrowband photon pairs at telecommunication wavelengths using a periodically poled lithium niobate waveguide that utilizes the nonlinear tensor element d(24) for type-II quasi phase matching. The FWHM bandwidth of the spontaneous parametric downconversion was 1 nm. The brightness of the photon pair source was ~6x10(5)/s/GHz when the pump power was 1 mW. The indistinguishability of the signal and idler photons generated by the degenerate spontaneous parametric downconversion process was studied in a Hong-Ou-Mandel type interference experiment.
In this paper, we address the issue of the generation of nondegenerate cross-polarization-entangled photon pairs using type-II periodically poled lithium niobate. We show that, by an appropriate engineering of the quasi-phase-matching grating, it is possible to simultaneously satisfy the conditions for two spontaneous parametric down-conversion processes, namely, ordinary pump photon down conversion to either extraordinary signal and ordinary idler paired photons or to ordinary signal and extraordinary idler paired photons. In contrast to single type-II phase matching, these two processes, when enabled together, can lead to the direct production of cross-polarization-entangled states for nondegenerate signal and idler wavelengths. Such a scheme should be of great interest in applications requiring polarization-entangled nondegenerate paired photons with, for instance, one of the entangled photons at an appropriate wavelength being used for local operation or for quantum storage in an atomic ensemble and the other one at the typical wavelength of 1550 nm for propagation through an optical fiber.
A periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) crystal has been used as an efficient source of non-collinearly generated polarization-entangled photon pairs at 810 and 1550 nm. The PPLN crystal was endowed with a specially designed poling pattern and the entangled photons were generated via the nonlinear optical process of spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC). A novel design based on overlapping two concurrent type-I quasi-phase-matching structures in a single PPLN crystals produced correlated pairs of alternatively polarized photons in largely separated spectral regions. The phase of the resulting two-photon state is directly linked to parameters of the nonlinear grating. Continuous tunability of the generated Bell state, from Phi(+) to Phi(-), has been demonstrated by translating a slightly wedged crystal perpendicular to the pump beam.