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Physical Review A

Quantum phase gate through a dispersive atom-field interaction

Xu‐Bo Zou, Yun‐Feng Xiao, Shangbin Li, Yong Yang, Guang‐Can Guo

Published Jun 5, 2007• 50 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a scheme for realizing a two-qubit quantum phase gate between atoms inside a high-$Q$ optical cavity. In the scheme, the dispersive interaction between atoms and the cavity field induces photon-number Stark shift, which can yield a resonant interaction inside one selected atom-field subspace and leave the others in a highly dispersive regime. Due to the selective atom-cavity interaction, (1) the scheme only requires commonly addressing the atoms inside the optical cavity during the gate operation, and (2) it can be directly used to implement an $N$-qubit conditional phase gate. These properties can significantly reduce the number of operations for implementing quantum computation and quantum algorithms.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.75.064301

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We propose a scheme for realizing a two-qubit quantum phase gate between atoms inside a high-QQQ optical cavity. In the scheme, the dispersive interaction between atoms and the cavity field induces photon-number Stark shift, which can yield a resonant interaction inside one selected atom-field subspace and leave the others in a highly dispersive regime. Due to the selective atom-cavity interaction, (1) the scheme only requires commonly addressing the atoms inside the optical cavity during the gate operation, and (2) it can be directly used to implement an NNN-qubit conditional phase gate. These properties can significantly reduce the number of operations for implementing quantum computation and quantum algorithms.
A scheme is presented to implement phase gate in a high-Q optical cavity.In the scheme,the atom-field interaction is controlled highly to yield a resonant interaction inside one selected atom-field subspace and leave the others in large detuning,which can be eliminated adiabatically.The atomic spontaneous emission is suppressed effectively since atomic ground state is only involved,and needlessness for addressing individually the atoms inside the cavity further lowers the difficulties of experiment.
We present a one-step scheme for direct implementation of an NNN-qubit controlled-phase gate with atoms trapped in a high-QQQ optical cavity without resorting to a sequence of single- and two-qubit gates. The interaction time that is required to implement the scheme does not rise with increasing number of qubits. This might lead to more efficient construction of quantum circuits and quantum algorithms.
A two-qubit quantum swap gate scheme based on coherent state qubit is proposed in cavity quantum electrodynamics system. Our scheme adopt the interaction between the Λ-type atomic ensemble and the two-mode optical cavity, and the swap gate can be realized directly only one step, so as to save a lot of quantum resources and reduce the number of single qubit rotation operations in the actual quantum information processing. It is found that under the condition of large detuning limit, the excited states of atoms are adiabatically eliminated, and the decoherence caused by the spontaneous emission of atoms is effectively suppressed. All atoms in the optical cavity are universally addressed, which reduces the experimental operation difficulty of the scheme. The fidelity of the quantum logic gate is maintained at a very high level when the photon loss of the cavity field is considered. Compared with the single-atom scheme, it is found that the atom-cavity interaction time required by the atomic ensemble scheme is inversely proportional to the number of atoms, so that the speed of the quantum logic gate can be increased by N times. Therefore, in principle, as long as enough atoms interacting with the optical field, an effective coupling of any atom-cavity field can be generated, which is conducive to selecting the appropriate quantum gate operation time in practical operation and effectively avoiding decoherence.
We propose a scheme to implement an NNN-qubit conditional phase gate with NNN neutral atoms which are trapped in a large detuning optical cavity. In our scheme, since the cavity field is only required to be virtually excited, the phase gate operation is insensitive to the cavity decay and the gate can be implemented with a high fidelity.