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Physica A Statistical Mechanics and its Applications

The Bose–Einstein condensation in random box

Jan Karbowski, Łukasz A. Turski

Published Feb 1, 2000• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The Bose–Einstein condensation in the presence of quenched disorder due to random boundary conditions is considered. We have shown that for bosons confined in a box with volume Ld and for random L the Bose condensation temperature is lowered by the presence of disorder and the onset of condensation may even be completely prohibited. Similar results hold for bosons confined in a harmonic oscillator potential well, the geometry used in recent experiments on Bose–Einstein condensation in atomic traps. Comments on possible consequences of quenched disorder in boundary conditions for many fermion systems are also given.

DOI
10.1016/s0378-4371(99)00451-3

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The Bose–Einstein condensation in the presence of quenched disorder due to random boundary conditions is considered. We have shown that for bosons confined in a box with volume Ld and for random L the Bose condensation temperature is lowered by the presence of disorder and the onset of condensation may even be completely prohibited. Similar results hold for bosons confined in a harmonic oscillator potential well, the geometry used in recent experiments on Bose–Einstein condensation in atomic traps. Comments on possible consequences of quenched disorder in boundary conditions for many fermion systems are also given.
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The Bose-Einstein condensation of the Bose gas is studied in a d-dimensional random box.When the length of the box L satisfies the uniform and the Gauss distributions,the critical temperature of the Bose-Einstein condensation TC is obtained respectively.Compared with that of the rigid box TRC,we find that TC is not more than TRC,and their specific relations are depended on the given distribution functions.In the same way,the condensate problem is discussed for the Bose gas confined in a potential well of harmonic-oscillator,and harmonic trap frequency is a random variable.The similar results are obtained.
We consider a dilute Bose Gas moving in a harmonic trap with a superimposed frozen random potential which arises in experiments either naturally in wire traps or artificially and controllably with laser speckles. The critical temperature, which characterises the onset of Bose-Einstein condensation, depends on the disorder realization within the ensemble. Therefore, we introduce an effective grand-canonical potential from which we determine perturbatively the disorder averages of both the first and the second moment of the critical temperature in leading order. We discuss our results for a finite number of particles by assuming a Gaussian spatial correlation for the quenched disorder potential. Keywords: Disorder, Bose-Einstein condensation, critical temperature 1.
Using semi-classical approximation method, the Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) of a relativistic ideal boson gas (RIBG) in random box is studied. The exact BEC transition temperature Tc and Helmholtz free energy at Tc are derived. The phase diagrams in the (Δ, T) plane are obtained, where Δ is the fluctuation of the box length and T is the temperature of the system. We find that Tc is lowered by the presence of the quenched disorder caused by the random boundary conditions. The effects of antibosons on the RIBG are also studied and it is found that the Helmholtz free energy of the system with antibosons at Tc is lower than that of the system without antibosons. This implies that the omission of antibosons always leads to a metastable state.
We present an analysis of Bose-Einstein condensation for a system of noninteracting spin-0 particles in a harmonic-oscillator confining potential trap. We discuss why a confined system of particles differs both qualitatively and quantitatively from an identical system which is not confined. One crucial difference is that a confined system is not characterized by a critical temperature in the same way as an unconfined system such as the free boson gas. We present the results of both a numerical and analytic analysis of the problem of Bose-Einstein condensation in a general anisotropic harmonic-oscillator confining potential. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
One of the most interesting properties of boson gases is that under special conditions, there is a possibility of a phase transition, in a critical temperature below which all bosons condensate into the ground state. This phenomenon is called Bose – Einstein Condensation (BEC). In this paper, we investigate BEC in a harmonic oscillator trap. We conclude that, in contrast to a free boson gas, there is no critical temperature for phase transition in a harmonic oscillator trap. However , by numerical and analytical calculation, it is possible to obtain a temperature at which the heat capacity is maximum. We call this the critical temperature . Possible explanation for all these features will be explained in this paper.