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Modern Physics Letters B

POPULATION TRAPPING IN A GENERALIZED JAYNES-CUMMINGS MODEL

CELIA M. A. DANTAS, Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato, B. Baseia, A. N. Chaba

Published Oct 30, 1994• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In recent literature the expression for the population inversion in the Jaynes-Cummings model was obtained for the most general initial state of the field-atom system, allowing the investigation of the population trapping problem. Here we extend this study to the case of multiphoton interaction where coherent and incoherent trappings are investigated, the mentioned results of literature becoming a particularization of ours.

DOI
10.1142/s0217984994001515

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In recent literature the expression for the population inversion in the Jaynes-Cummings model was obtained for the most general initial state of the field-atom system, allowing the investigation of the population trapping problem. Here we extend this study to the case of multiphoton interaction where coherent and incoherent trappings are investigated, the mentioned results of literature becoming a particularization of ours.
An expression for the population inversion in the Jaynes-Cummings model and the most general initial state of the atom-field system is presented. States that maintain the same level of population inversion when the atom and the field are initially decoupled are found. When the atom is prepared in a coherent superposition of its states and the field is in an eigenstate of the Susskind-Glogower phase operator, for a certain choice of the relative phase between the atomic dipole and the field, coherent trapping occurs. The evolution of the squeezing of the field for these states is given, and the dependence on the phase and on the mean photon number of the field is studied.
The phenomenon of atomic population trapping in the Jaynes-Cummings model is analysed from a dressed-state point of view. A general condition for the occurrence of partial or total trapping from an arbitrary, pure initial atom-field state is obtained in the form of a bound to the variation of the atomic inversion. More generally, it is found that in the presence of initial atomic or atom-field coherence the population dynamics is governed not by the field's initial photon distribution, but by a ‘weighted dressedness’ distribution characterizing the joint atom-field state. In particular, individual revivals in the inversion can be analytically described to good approximation in terms of that distribution, even in the limit of large population trapping. This result is obtained through a generalization of the Poisson Summation Formula method for an analytical description of revivals developed by Fleischhauer and Schleich (1993, Phys. Rev A, 47, 4258).
Recently, we introduced a new version of the Jaynes–Cummings model in which the interaction Hamiltonian is independent of the excitation number, or field intensity. Exact solution for this model was found allowing the study of nonclassical effects exhibited by the atom and the field, the latter initially in a coherent state. Here, we extend this study to the case of a field initially in the binomial state to investigate those nonclassical effects, as population trapping and sub-Poissonian statistics as function of the interpolating parameters of this state. The previous results are obtained from the present treatment, in the limit of a coherent state allowed by the binomial state.
An electromagnetic field state is found which maintains the population inversion of the atom stationary during the interaction with the field through a Jaynes-Cummings model (JCM) with a Kerr type nonlinearity in the cavity. The condition of stationarity of the population inversion includes the phase coupling of atomic dipole with the field. We have shown that the Kerr nonlinearity in the cavity field significantly modifies the photon statistics of the trapped field state through an intensity dependent detuning in the field compared to the normal JCM trapping state. We have also demonstrated the novel features of sub-Poissonian character and the squeezing of the trapped field state. The dynamics of the initial trapped field is studied in terms of squeezing and the Q-function.