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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

From EPR to quantum computing: experiments on entangled quantum systems

Harald Weinfurter

Published Apr 25, 2005• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Einstein, together with Podolski and Rosen (EPR), tried to point out inconsistencies of standard quantum mechanics using an effect which is now called entanglement. The experiments testing EPR's hypothesis laid the basis for the new field of quantum information processing, which in turn gave rise to impressive progress in methods to observe and to analyse the phenomenon of entanglement. Here we give an overview of the various systems useful for the novel applications of quantum communication and quantum computation.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/38/9/009

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Einstein, together with Podolski and Rosen (EPR), tried to point out inconsistencies of standard quantum mechanics using an effect which is now called entanglement. The experiments testing EPR's hypothesis laid the basis for the new field of quantum information processing, which in turn gave rise to impressive progress in methods to observe and to analyse the phenomenon of entanglement. Here we give an overview of the various systems useful for the novel applications of quantum communication and quantum computation.
Quantum entanglement is a peculiar phenomenon in quantum information science, characterized by nonclassical correlations between quantum states of subsystems in a quantum system. Since the proposal of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox by Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen, quantum entanglement has sparked intense debates on local realism. Bell’s inequality experiment established the nonlocality of quantum mechanics. Currently, high-dimensional quantum entanglement of both deterministic and random states can be realized in systems such as photons and cold atoms. Technologies such as quantum teleportation, quantum teleportation, quantum computing, and others rely on quantum entanglement to achieve effects beyond classical limitations. Current research focuses on the implementation of macroscopic quantum entanglement and its significance in fundamental problems of quantum mechanics. Quantum entanglement opens up a new paradigm for information processing with broad application prospects. It is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the nature of quantum entanglement and its advantages in information processing. This paper reviews the theoretical foundations of quantum entanglement, methods of generation and detection, and research progress in its applications in the field of quantum information. It discusses the important applications of quantum entanglement in quantum communication, computing, and sensing and provides an outlook on the future development prospects of quantum entanglement technologies.
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Quantum mechanics is a field of physics that became important from the late 19th century to the start of the 20th century and its non-relativistic part seemed to be completed by von Neumann in 1932. However, the EPR paradox by Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen pointed out a strange feature of quantum mechanics known as quantum entanglement, which represented that people are unable to consider the existence of global states of composite system as a product of the states of separate subsystems. The phenomenon promotes to a further study of quantum and a new faster way of communication. The article introduces the discovery and the early research of the quantum entanglement, how the theory about the quantum entanglement was corrected, the fabrication of the entangled particles, and the application of the quantum entanglements phenomena to the quantum communication. The research aims to discuss the importance of the study of the quantum entanglement at current stage
Quantum mechanics is a field of physics that became important from the late 19th century to the start of the 20th century and its non-relativistic part seemed to be completed by von Neumann in 1932. However, the EPR paradox by Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen pointed out a strange feature of quantum mechanics known as quantum entanglement, which represented that people are unable to consider the existence of global states of composite system as a product of the states of separate subsystems. The phenomenon promotes to a further study of quantum and a new faster way of communication. The article introduces the discovery and the early research of the quantum entanglement, how the theory about the quantum entanglement was corrected, the fabrication of the entangled particles, and the application of the quantum entanglements phenomena to the quantum communication. The research aims to discuss the importance of the study of the quantum entanglement at current stage.
Quantum mechanics is a field of physics that became important from the late 19th century to the start of the 20th century and its non-relativistic part seemed to be completed by von Neumann in 1932. However, the EPR paradox by Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen pointed out a strange feature of quantum mechanics known as quantum entanglement, which represented that people are unable to consider the existence of global states of composite system as a product of the states of separate subsystems. The phenomenon promotes to a further study of quantum and a new faster way of communication. The article introduces the discovery and the early research of the quantum entanglement, how the theory about the quantum entanglement was corrected, the fabrication of the entangled particles, and the application of the quantum entanglements phenomena to the quantum communication. The research aims to discuss the importance of the study of the quantum entanglement at current stage.
Bohm's spin polarization modification of the paradox of Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen has served as the basis for numerous analyses of the roles of hidden variables and Einstein locality in quantum mechanics. The present note points out how corresponding analyses can be carried out on the original formulation of Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen (EPR) in terms of observations of position and momentum. Concrete conceptual experiments are proposed to furnish tangible illustrations of EPR tests of reality, and a position-momentum variant of Bell's inequality is formulated. Implications regarding joint measurements of position and momentum, delayed choice experiments, and superluminal communication are discussed briefly.