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Physical review. B, Condensed matter

Quantum mechanical approach for photon-associated electron tunneling through a quantum dot

Kao-Chin Lin, Der-San Chuu

Published Nov 27, 2001• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Photon-associated electron tunneling (PAT) in a quantum dot is studied by a fully quantum-mechanical approach. An experiment to determine the electron-photon coupling coefficient g and the photon number of the system is proposed to distinguish whether the system is in the quantum situation or the semiclassical situation. It is also found that the PAT current is assisted or suppressed depending on the shift of the environment photon-intensity-dependent photon sidebands.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.64.235320

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Photon-associated electron tunneling (PAT) in a quantum dot is studied by a fully quantum-mechanical approach. An experiment to determine the electron-photon coupling coefficient g and the photon number of the system is proposed to distinguish whether the system is in the quantum situation or the semiclassical situation. It is also found that the PAT current is assisted or suppressed depending on the shift of the environment photon-intensity-dependent photon sidebands.
We theoretically study the photon-assisted transport (PAT) in a double quantum dot (QD) which is conditionally controlled by the optical excitation in an adjacent QD. Based on a real three-QD model, a double-electron level configuration needed for the conditional PAT is designed. Interesting conditional dynamics are demonstrated for the double QD and its adjacent QD. Depending on various conditional frequencies, the conditional behaviors can be manifested as the current peaks or collapses of the PAT. They correspond to coherent excitations or trapping of double-electron states. Our results present a possible way to optically manipulate electron states and monitor them via the signals of current spectrum.
We perform photon-assisted-tunneling (PAT) experiments on a GaAs double quantum dot device under high microwave excitation power. Photon-assisted absorption of up to 14 photons is observed, when electron temperature (>1 K) is far above the lattice temperature. Signatures of Landau-Zener-Stückelberg interference are found even in this non-equilibrium PAT spectrum. In addition, the charge state relaxation time T1∼8ns measured in this out of thermal equilibrium double quantum dot is in agreement with other previous reports.
The electron-photon interaction associated with the uncertainty based tunneling (EPAUT) in the parallel double quantum dot system is studied. In the considered system, the electron interacts with the single mode detuning quantum photon field, i.e., ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\mathit{ph}}+\ensuremath{\Delta}={\ensuremath{\epsilon}}_{2}\ensuremath{-}{\ensuremath{\epsilon}}_{1}$, and transits between the quantum dots (QDs). The corresponding characteristic temperature is calculated and compared with the Kondo temperature to recognize the role of the related quantities. There are two energy uncertainties in the considered system. One is the energy difference between the energy of electron-photon interacting quasiparticle and the Fermi energy of the lead. The other is the detuning factor $\ensuremath{\Delta}$. Besides, $\ensuremath{\mid}\ensuremath{\Delta}∕\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\mid}$ is the bandwidth of the intermediate state of EPAUT. The peak of the density of state corresponding to the EPAUT rises when the temperature is in the order of or below the characteristic temperature. The EPAUT peak can be modified via tuning the Fermi energy of the lead connected to the adjoined QD. Hence, the conductance between the connected leads is varied via tuning the Fermi energy of the lead connected to the adjoined QD.
In this study, a model of a double-quantum-dot system driven by two-mode microwave photons is presented. The quantum master equation is derived from the system’s Hamiltonians, and the expression for the steady-state current is obtained. Electronic tunneling properties are then analyzed. The results revealed that different two-mode quantum microwave photons have varying effects on the tunneling current within the double-quantum-dot system, with a steplike current trend emerging. The tunneling current showed pronounced negative differential conductance for both coherent and squeezed microwave photons. Furthermore, the tunneling current was significantly influenced by changing the squeezing coefficient and phase. The asymmetric evolution of the tunneling current under varying bias voltages also depends on the asymmetry in system parameters. These findings are crucial for manipulating the transport properties of double-quantum-dot systems in nanostructured devices.