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Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics

Higher-order moments at the critical point of the Ziff-Gulari-Barshad model

Vanessa Souza Leite, Gilberto Luiz Hoenicke, W. Figueiredo

Published Aug 13, 2001• 11 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We studied the continuous phase transition between the active and the absorbing state of the Ziff-Gulari-Barshad (ZGB) model. Through Monte Carlo simulations we determined all the moments of the order parameter up to fourth order and their ratios at the critical point. We show that the ratios we found are in agreement with those of the contact and pair contact processes in two dimensions, which give support to the idea that the ZGB model is in the directed percolation universality class in (2+1) dimensions.

DOI
10.1103/physreve.64.036104

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We studied the continuous phase transition between the active and the absorbing state of the Ziff-Gulari-Barshad (ZGB) model. Through Monte Carlo simulations we determined all the moments of the order parameter up to fourth order and their ratios at the critical point. We show that the ratios we found are in agreement with those of the contact and pair contact processes in two dimensions, which give support to the idea that the ZGB model is in the directed percolation universality class in (2+1) dimensions.
We determine the first through fourth moments of the order parameter, and various ratios, for several one- and two-dimensional models with absorbing-state phase transitions. We perform a detailed analysis of the system-size dependence of these ratios and confirm that they are indeed universal for three models, the contact process, the AAA model, and the pair contact process, belonging to the directed percolation universality class. Our studies also yield a refined estimate for the critical point of the pair contact process.
We study the continuous absorbing-state phase transition in the one-dimensional pair contact process with diffusion (PCPD). In previous studies [Dickman and de Menezes, Phys. Rev. E 66, 045101(R) (2002)], the critical point moment ratios of the order parameter showed anomalous behavior, growing with system size rather than taking universal values, as expected. Using the quasistationary simulation method we determine the moments of the order parameter up to fourth order at the critical point, in systems of up to 40,960 sites. Due to strong finite-size effects, the ratios converge only for large system sizes. Moment ratios and associated order-parameter histograms are compared with those of directed percolation. We also report an improved estimate [pc=0.077092(1)] for the location of the critical point in the nondiffusive pair contact process.
Extensive Monte Carlo simulations are performed in order to evaluate both the local (straight theta(l)) and global (straight theta(g)) persistence exponents in the Ziff-Gulari-Barshad (ZGB) [Phys. Rev. Lett. 56, 2553 (1986)] irreversible reaction model. At the second-order irreversible phase transition (IPT) we find that both the local and the global persistence exhibit power-law behavior with a crossover between two different time regimes. On the other hand, at the ZGB first-order IPT, active sites are short lived and the persistence decays more abruptly; it is not clear whether it shows power-law behavior or not. In order to analyze universality issues, we have also studied another model with absorbing states, the contact process, and evaluated the local persistence exponent in dimensions from 1 to 4. A striking apparent superuniversality is reported: the local persistence exponent seems to coincide in both one- and two-dimensional systems. Some other aspects of persistence in systems with absorbing states are also analyzed.
I study a nonequilibrium lattice model, the pair contact process, in which pairs of particles annihilate with probability p or else create a particle at a vacant nearest neighbor. The model exhibits a continuous phase transition from an active state, with an ongoing production of particles, to an absorbing state without pairs. The model has infinitely many absorbing states. Computer simulations in 1D yielded critical exponents consistent with directed percolation, for the first time placing a model with infinitely many absorbing states firmly in the directed-percolation universality class.
The absorbing-state transition in the three-dimensional contact process with and without quenched randomness is investigated by means of Monte Carlo simulations. In the clean case, a reweighting technique is combined with a careful extrapolation of the data to infinite time to determine with high accuracy the critical behavior in the three-dimensional directed percolation universality class. In the presence of quenched spatial disorder, our data demonstrate that the absorbing-state transition is governed by an unconventional infinite-randomness critical point featuring activated dynamical scaling. The critical behavior of this transition does not depend on the disorder strength, i.e., it is universal. Close to the disordered critical point, the dynamics is characterized by the nonuniversal power laws typical of a Griffiths phase. We compare our findings to the results of other numerical methods, and we relate them to a general classification of phase transitions in disordered systems based on the rare region dimensionality.