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Solid State Communications

Effects of multiple scattering and Anderson localization of photons in light pulse reflection from a 1D disordered medium with low concentration of impurities

Vladimir Chernyak, K.I. Grigorishin, E.I. Ogievetsky, V. M. Agranovich

Published Oct 1, 1992• 5 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0038-1098(92)90326-5

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Coherent Effects in the Multiple Scattering of Light in Random Media

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Anderson localization (AL) is a ubiquitous interference phenomenon in which waves fail to propagate in a disordered medium.We observe three-dimensional AL of non-interacting ultracold matter by allowing a spin-polarized atomic Fermi gas to expand into a disordered potential.A two-component density distribution emerges consisting of an expanding mobile component and a nondiffusing localized component.We extract a mobility edge that increases with the disorder strength, whereas the thermally averaged localization length is shown to decrease with disorder strength and increase with particle energy.These measurements provide a benchmark for more sophisticated theories of AL.Wave propagation in disordered media is affected by scattering from random impurities.When those scattered waves self-interfere destructively, a phenomenon known as Anderson localization (AL) can arise (1).AL occurs in a wide variety of classical and quantum materials, impacting the transport of light (2, 3), acoustic (4), and matter (5, 6) waves.Localization is known to affect electrical conductivity in solids as a result of scattering from impurities and 1
We consider a one-dimensional photonic crystal embedded in a two-level medium with various degrees of disorder, such that the tail of localized states in the forbidden gap is resonant with self-induced transparency pulses, which can propagate in the absorbing system. We theoretically and numerically predict that the SIT pulse not only is slowed down by the disorder, but, at high scattering strengths, it is trapped by coupling with Anderson states located in proximity of the cavity surface. We develop a perturbative analysis to address the role of the random perturbation on the propagation of a 2π pulse in a two level medium.
While Anderson is a single-particle wave effect, guaranteeing a single excitation in the system can be challenging. We here tackle this limitation in the context of light localization in three dimensions in disordered cold atom clouds, in presence of several photons. We show that the presence of these multiple excitations does not affect substantially the abnormal intensity fluctuations which characterize the Anderson localization transition, provided that the radiated light is frequency filtered. Due to their narrow linewidth, long-lived modes, and particularly the localized ones, are strongly saturated even for a weak resonant pump, leading to a large increase of the inelastic scattering and to reduced fluctuations in the total radiation. Yet the atomic coherences and the resulting elastic scattering remain a proper witness of the Anderson localization transition. Hence, frequency filtering allows one to investigate the single-excitation sector, dismissing the many-body effects showing up in the fluorescence spectrum.