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European Journal of Physics

Comment on ‘The smallest clock’

L. Brualla

Published Apr 9, 2013• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

It has been suggested that Wigner's clock inequalities can be applied to biological systems. Pesic was the first to suggest this by applying these inequalities to the reproduction time of a mycoplasma (1993 Eur. J. Phys. 14 90). More recently, Goel applied Wigner's clock inequalities to the system formed by a Taq DNA polymerase reading a phage lambda DNA strand, concluding that the behaviour of polymerases is governed by quantum mechanical processes. By means of a counterexample, using a Pfu DNA polymerase, I show that current experimental evidence does not allow us to conclude that Wigner's inequalities govern the behaviour of polymerases. Furthermore, both works are based on an incorrect interpretation of the concept of position uncertainty.

DOI
10.1088/0143-0807/34/3/l65

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It has been suggested that Wigner's clock inequalities can be applied to biological systems. Pesic was the first to suggest this by applying these inequalities to the reproduction time of a mycoplasma (1993 Eur. J. Phys. 14 90). More recently, Goel applied Wigner's clock inequalities to the system formed by a Taq DNA polymerase reading a phage lambda DNA strand, concluding that the behaviour of polymerases is governed by quantum mechanical processes. By means of a counterexample, using a Pfu DNA polymerase, I show that current experimental evidence does not allow us to conclude that Wigner's inequalities govern the behaviour of polymerases. Furthermore, both works are based on an incorrect interpretation of the concept of position uncertainty.
We propose time-dependent Bell inequalities in a Wigner form, which expand the possibilities of experimental verification of Bohr’s principle of complementarity in the relativistic domain and for nonstationary quantum-mechanical systems. Derivation of the proposed inequalities is based entirely on the Kolmogorov axiomatics of probability theory and the locality hypothesis. Violation of the obtained inequalities is considered in the framework of quantum theory based on the example of oscillations of neutral B mesons.
DNA replication, driven by DNA polymerase, is a highly accurate yet dynamic process essential to life. This paper proposes a novel interpretation of DNA replication as a quantum-informed information processing system. We model polymerase-mediated replication as a form of biological entanglement, wherein template and daughter strands represent coherent information states. By interpreting polymerase fidelity and base-pair matching as quantum logic operations, we propose an architecture for DNA computers that mimic replication fidelity and entanglement-like behavior. These biological processes are mapped to artificial intelligence (AI) systems using probabilistic inference, self-correction, and recursive neural architectures. The proposed framework advances the field of DNA-based computation by incorporating quantum information principles and AI integration strategies.